Add multi-panel Pico UDP firmware and Python LED control.

Pico panels get static IPs on 10.1.1.10–14 with per-panel LED counts, Makefile deploy targets, and Python examples for animations, sync tests, and direct Pi SPI control. Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
2026-06-28 22:46:08 +12:00
parent d8323bb9a3
commit d5cab2efdf
52 changed files with 4677 additions and 1 deletions
--- a/firmware/panel/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/firmware/panel/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.13)
+
+set(PICO_BOARD pico CACHE STRING "Board type")
+
+include(pico_sdk_import.cmake)
+
+project(portal_panel C CXX ASM)
+set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
+
+pico_sdk_init()
+
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(
+    iolibrary
+    GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/Wiznet/ioLibrary_Driver.git
+    GIT_TAG master
+)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(iolibrary)
+
+set(IOLIB_DIR ${iolibrary_SOURCE_DIR})
+
+add_executable(panel
+    main.c
+    wizchip_spi.c
+    timer.c
+    ws2812_led.cpp
+    WS2812.cpp
+    ${IOLIB_DIR}/Ethernet/socket.c
+    ${IOLIB_DIR}/Ethernet/wizchip_conf.c
+    ${IOLIB_DIR}/Ethernet/W5500/w5500.c
+    ${IOLIB_DIR}/Internet/DHCP/dhcp.c
+)
+
+pico_generate_pio_header(panel ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/WS2812.pio)
+
+target_include_directories(panel PRIVATE
+    ${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}
+    ${IOLIB_DIR}/Ethernet
+    ${IOLIB_DIR}/Internet/DHCP
+)
+
+target_compile_definitions(panel PRIVATE
+    _WIZCHIP_=W5500
+)
+
+if (DEFINED PANEL_ID_BUILD)
+    target_compile_definitions(panel PRIVATE PANEL_ID=${PANEL_ID_BUILD})
+endif ()
+
+if (DEFINED NUM_LEDS_BUILD)
+    target_compile_definitions(panel PRIVATE NUM_LEDS=${NUM_LEDS_BUILD})
+endif ()
+
+if (DEFINED WS2812_PIN_BUILD)
+    target_compile_definitions(panel PRIVATE PIN_WS2812=${WS2812_PIN_BUILD})
+endif ()
+
+option(PORTAL_USE_DHCP "Use DHCP for W5500" OFF)
+if (PORTAL_USE_DHCP)
+    target_compile_definitions(panel PRIVATE USE_DHCP=1)
+else ()
+    target_compile_definitions(panel PRIVATE USE_DHCP=0)
+endif ()
+
+target_link_libraries(panel
+    pico_stdlib
+    hardware_spi
+    hardware_pio
+)
+
+pico_enable_stdio_usb(panel 1)
+pico_enable_stdio_uart(panel 0)
+
+pico_add_extra_outputs(panel)
--- a/firmware/panel/Makefile
+++ b/firmware/panel/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# Portal panel firmware — build and USB deploy
+#
+# Usage:
+#   make              # build only
+#   make deploy       # build + flash over USB (picotool)
+#   make clean
+#
+# Options (passed to cmake on configure/reconfigure):
+#   make deploy PANEL_ID=0
+#   make deploy NO_DHCP=1
+#   make deploy WS2812_PIN=28   # if data wire is on GP28 not GP27
+#
+# Environment:
+#   PICO_SDK_PATH     default: ~/pico/pico-sdk
+#   SERIAL_PORT       default: first /dev/ttyACM* or /dev/ttyACM0
+
+PICO_SDK_PATH ?= $(HOME)/pico/pico-sdk
+BUILD_DIR     := build
+UF2           := $(BUILD_DIR)/panel.uf2
+CMAKE_STAMP   := $(BUILD_DIR)/.cmake_stamp
+JOBS          ?= $(shell nproc 2>/dev/null || echo 4)
+SERIAL_PORT   ?= $(shell ls /dev/ttyACM* 2>/dev/null | head -1)
+ifeq ($(SERIAL_PORT),)
+SERIAL_PORT   := /dev/ttyACM0
+endif
+SERIAL_BAUD   ?= 115200
+
+CMAKE_ARGS :=
+ifdef PANEL_ID
+CMAKE_ARGS += -DPANEL_ID_BUILD=$(PANEL_ID)
+# Panels 0 and 4 are 9×39 (351); others are 9×45 (405). Always pass NUM_LEDS so
+# cmake cache cannot keep a stale count from a previous PANEL_ID flash.
+ifeq ($(PANEL_ID),0)
+NUM_LEDS ?= 351
+else ifeq ($(PANEL_ID),4)
+NUM_LEDS ?= 351
+else
+NUM_LEDS ?= 405
+endif
+CMAKE_ARGS += -DNUM_LEDS_BUILD=$(NUM_LEDS)
+else
+ifdef NUM_LEDS
+CMAKE_ARGS += -DNUM_LEDS_BUILD=$(NUM_LEDS)
+endif
+endif
+ifdef WS2812_PIN
+CMAKE_ARGS += -DWS2812_PIN_BUILD=$(WS2812_PIN)
+endif
+ifeq ($(NO_DHCP),0)
+CMAKE_ARGS += -DPORTAL_USE_DHCP=ON
+else
+CMAKE_ARGS += -DPORTAL_USE_DHCP=OFF
+endif
+
+CMAKE_STAMP_BODY := $(strip $(CMAKE_ARGS))
+
+SOURCES := $(wildcard *.c *.cpp *.h) WS2812.pio CMakeLists.txt pico_sdk_import.cmake
+
+.PHONY: all build configure reconfigure deploy flash upload monitor clean help
+
+all: build
+
+help:
+	@echo "Targets:"
+	@echo "  make build      Build panel.uf2"
+	@echo "  make deploy     Build and flash over USB"
+	@echo "  make flash      Alias for deploy"
+	@echo "  make monitor    USB serial console (picocom, Ctrl+A Ctrl+X to quit)"
+	@echo "  make clean      Remove build directory"
+	@echo "  make reconfigure  Re-run cmake (e.g. after changing PANEL_ID)"
+
+build: configure
+	@echo "==> Building panel firmware"
+	PICO_SDK_PATH="$(PICO_SDK_PATH)" cmake --build $(BUILD_DIR) -j$(JOBS)
+	@test -f "$(UF2)" || (echo "Error: build did not produce panel.uf2" && exit 1)
+	@echo "==> Build OK: $(UF2)"
+
+configure:
+	@test -d "$(PICO_SDK_PATH)" || (echo "Error: pico-sdk not found at $(PICO_SDK_PATH) (set PICO_SDK_PATH)" && exit 1)
+	@command -v cmake >/dev/null || (echo "Error: cmake is required" && exit 1)
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	@STAMP='$(CMAKE_STAMP_BODY)'; \
+	if [ ! -f "$(BUILD_DIR)/CMakeCache.txt" ] || [ ! -f "$(CMAKE_STAMP)" ] || [ "$$(cat $(CMAKE_STAMP))" != "$$STAMP" ]; then \
+		echo "==> Configuring cmake in $(BUILD_DIR) $(CMAKE_ARGS)"; \
+		PICO_SDK_PATH="$(PICO_SDK_PATH)" cmake -S . -B $(BUILD_DIR) $(CMAKE_ARGS); \
+		echo "$$STAMP" > "$(CMAKE_STAMP)"; \
+	fi
+
+reconfigure:
+	@test -d "$(PICO_SDK_PATH)" || (echo "Error: pico-sdk not found at $(PICO_SDK_PATH) (set PICO_SDK_PATH)" && exit 1)
+	@mkdir -p $(BUILD_DIR)
+	@echo "==> Reconfiguring cmake in $(BUILD_DIR) $(CMAKE_ARGS)"
+	PICO_SDK_PATH="$(PICO_SDK_PATH)" cmake -S . -B $(BUILD_DIR) $(CMAKE_ARGS)
+	@echo '$(CMAKE_STAMP_BODY)' > $(CMAKE_STAMP)
+
+deploy: build
+	@command -v picotool >/dev/null || (echo "Error: picotool not found (https://github.com/raspberrypi/picotool)" && exit 1)
+	@picotool version 2>&1 | grep -q 'without USB support' && \
+		(echo "Error: picotool was built without USB support" && exit 1) || true
+	@echo "==> Uploading $(UF2) over USB"
+	@picotool load -x -f "$(UF2)"
+
+flash: deploy
+upload: deploy
+
+monitor:
+	@command -v picocom >/dev/null || (echo "Error: picocom not found (sudo apt install picocom)" && exit 1)
+	@test -e "$(SERIAL_PORT)" || (echo "Error: $(SERIAL_PORT) not found (plug in Pico USB, or set SERIAL_PORT=...)" && exit 1)
+	@echo "==> Serial monitor on $(SERIAL_PORT) ($(SERIAL_BAUD) baud, Ctrl+A Ctrl+X to quit)"
+	picocom --baud $(SERIAL_BAUD) --flow n --echo $(SERIAL_PORT)
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)
--- a/firmware/panel/README.md
+++ b/firmware/panel/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+# Portal panel firmware (Pico SDK)
+
+C firmware for a **Pico + W5500 + WS2812** panel adapter. Replaces the slow CircuitPython `adapter/code.py` path with native UDP receive and PIO WS2812 output.
+
+## Hardware
+
+Matches `adapter/code.py`:
+
+| Signal | GPIO |
+|--------|------|
+| W5500 CS | GP9 |
+| SPI1 SCK | GP10 |
+| SPI1 MOSI | GP11 |
+| SPI1 MISO | GP12 |
+| W5500 RST | GP13 |
+| Status LED | GP25 |
+| WS2812 data | GP27 |
+
+Default: **405 LEDs** (45×9 matrix chain), one data pin per panel.
+
+WS2812 output uses [ForsakenNGS/Pico_WS2812](https://github.com/ForsakenNGS/Pico_WS2812) (FORMAT_GRB on GP27).
+
+## Build
+
+Requires [pico-sdk](https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-sdk) and the ARM GCC toolchain (`arm-none-eabi-gcc`).
+
+```bash
+# From repo root
+make deploy          # build + flash over USB
+make build           # build only
+
+# Or from this directory
+make deploy
+```
+
+Manual cmake (one-time pico-sdk setup):
+
+```bash
+git clone https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-sdk.git ~/pico/pico-sdk
+cd ~/pico/pico-sdk && git submodule update --init
+export PICO_SDK_PATH=~/pico/pico-sdk
+
+mkdir -p build && cd build
+cmake ..
+make -j$(nproc)
+```
+
+UF2 output: `build/panel.uf2` — hold BOOTSEL and copy to the Pico.
+
+### Options
+
+```bash
+# Panel 0 of 5 → 10.1.1.10, unique MAC, UDP panel_id filter
+make deploy PANEL_ID=0   # 10.1.1.10
+make deploy PANEL_ID=1   # 10.1.1.11
+
+# DHCP instead of static 10.1.1.10–14
+make deploy PANEL_ID=0 NO_DHCP=0
+
+# Fewer LEDs for bench test
+make deploy NUM_LEDS=2
+```
+
+Static IP and MAC are derived from `PANEL_ID`:
+
+| Panel | IP | MAC |
+|-------|-----|-----|
+| 0 | 10.1.1.10 | 02:50:52:54:4C:00 |
+| 1 | 10.1.1.11 | 02:50:52:54:4C:01 |
+| … | … | … |
+| 4 | 10.1.1.14 | 02:50:52:54:4C:04 |
+| 255 (bench) | 10.1.1.19 | 02:50:52:54:4C:FF |
+
+Edit `board_config.h` for gateway, subnet, and pin changes.
+
+## UDP protocol (port 50007)
+
+| Payload | Action |
+|---------|--------|
+| **1215 bytes** | Raw RGB (`405 × 3`), show immediately |
+| **1216 bytes** | `panel_id` (byte 0) + RGB; `255` = accept on any panel |
+| **4 bytes `SHOW`** | Push buffered pixels to the strip (sync helper) |
+
+Pi sends **RGB** order; firmware converts to WS2812 **GRB**.
+
+Target throughput: ~30–50 fps per panel (vs ~10–20 fps on CircuitPython).
+
+## Pi test sender
+
+```bash
+pipenv run python examples/panel_udp_send.py --host 192.168.2.111 --animation rainbow
+```
+
+## Flashing
+
+Requires [picotool](https://github.com/raspberrypi/picotool) with libusb support:
+
+```bash
+make deploy
+```
+
+Or `./scripts/panel_deploy.sh` (same thing).
+
+Or manually:
+
+```bash
+picotool load -x -f build/panel.uf2
+```
+
+`-f` forces a USB reboot into BOOTSEL when the panel is already running.
+
+Legacy UF2 drag-and-drop also works: hold BOOTSEL, plug USB, copy `panel.uf2` to `RPI-RP2`.
+
+Serial debug:
+
+```bash
+make monitor
+# or: picocom /dev/ttyACM0
+```
+
+Ctrl+A then Ctrl+X to exit picocom.
+
+## Multi-panel (5 Picos)
+
+Flash each Pico with `PANEL_ID` 0–4 (`make deploy PANEL_ID=N`). Each gets `10.1.1.1N` (10–14), a unique MAC, and UDP filtering. Send frames from the Pi to each panel’s IP, or use a leading `panel_id` byte with `255` broadcast filtering.
--- a/firmware/panel/WS2812.cpp
+++ b/firmware/panel/WS2812.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+/* WS2812 driver — from https://github.com/ForsakenNGS/Pico_WS2812 (BSD-style) */
+
+#include "WS2812.hpp"
+
+#include "WS2812.pio.h"
+
+#include <cstdlib>
+
+WS2812::WS2812(uint pin, uint length, PIO pio, uint sm) {
+    initialize(pin, length, pio, sm, NONE, GREEN, RED, BLUE);
+}
+
+WS2812::WS2812(uint pin, uint length, PIO pio, uint sm, DataFormat format) {
+    switch (format) {
+    case FORMAT_RGB:
+        initialize(pin, length, pio, sm, NONE, RED, GREEN, BLUE);
+        break;
+    case FORMAT_GRB:
+        initialize(pin, length, pio, sm, NONE, GREEN, RED, BLUE);
+        break;
+    case FORMAT_WRGB:
+        initialize(pin, length, pio, sm, WHITE, RED, GREEN, BLUE);
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+WS2812::~WS2812() {
+    delete[] data;
+}
+
+void WS2812::initialize(uint pin, uint length, PIO pio, uint sm, DataByte b1, DataByte b2,
+                        DataByte b3, DataByte b4) {
+    this->pin = pin;
+    this->length = length;
+    this->pio = pio;
+    this->sm = sm;
+    this->data = new uint32_t[length];
+    this->bytes[0] = b1;
+    this->bytes[1] = b2;
+    this->bytes[2] = b3;
+    this->bytes[3] = b4;
+    uint offset = pio_add_program(pio, &ws2812_program);
+    uint bits = (b1 == NONE ? 24 : 32);
+    ws2812_program_init(pio, sm, offset, pin, 800000, bits);
+}
+
+uint32_t WS2812::convertData(uint32_t rgbw) {
+    uint32_t result = 0;
+    for (uint b = 0; b < 4; b++) {
+        switch (bytes[b]) {
+        case RED:
+            result |= (rgbw & 0xFF);
+            break;
+        case GREEN:
+            result |= (rgbw & 0xFF00) >> 8;
+            break;
+        case BLUE:
+            result |= (rgbw & 0xFF0000) >> 16;
+            break;
+        case WHITE:
+            result |= (rgbw & 0xFF000000) >> 24;
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+        result <<= 8;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+void WS2812::setPixelColor(uint index, uint32_t color) {
+    if (index < length) {
+        data[index] = convertData(color);
+    }
+}
+
+void WS2812::setPixelColor(uint index, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
+    setPixelColor(index, RGB(red, green, blue));
+}
+
+void WS2812::fill(uint32_t color) {
+    color = convertData(color);
+    for (uint i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        data[i] = color;
+    }
+}
+
+void WS2812::show() {
+    for (uint i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+        pio_sm_put_blocking(pio, sm, data[i]);
+    }
+}
--- a/firmware/panel/WS2812.hpp
+++ b/firmware/panel/WS2812.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#ifndef WS2812_H
+#define WS2812_H
+
+#include "hardware/pio.h"
+#include "pico/types.h"
+
+class WS2812 {
+ public:
+    enum DataByte { NONE = 0, RED = 1, GREEN = 2, BLUE = 3, WHITE = 4 };
+    enum DataFormat { FORMAT_RGB = 0, FORMAT_GRB = 1, FORMAT_WRGB = 2 };
+
+    WS2812(uint pin, uint length, PIO pio, uint sm);
+    WS2812(uint pin, uint length, PIO pio, uint sm, DataFormat format);
+    ~WS2812();
+
+    static uint32_t RGB(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
+        return (uint32_t)(blue) << 16 | (uint32_t)(green) << 8 | (uint32_t)(red);
+    }
+
+    void setPixelColor(uint index, uint32_t color);
+    void setPixelColor(uint index, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue);
+    void fill(uint32_t color);
+    void show();
+
+ private:
+    uint pin;
+    uint length;
+    PIO pio;
+    uint sm;
+    DataByte bytes[4];
+    uint32_t *data;
+
+    void initialize(uint pin, uint length, PIO pio, uint sm, DataByte b1, DataByte b2,
+                    DataByte b3, DataByte b4);
+    uint32_t convertData(uint32_t rgbw);
+};
+
+#endif
--- a/firmware/panel/WS2812.pio
+++ b/firmware/panel/WS2812.pio
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+;
+; WS2812 PIO — from https://github.com/ForsakenNGS/Pico_WS2812
+;
+.program ws2812
+.side_set 1
+
+.define public T1 2
+.define public T2 5
+.define public T3 3
+
+.lang_opt python sideset_init = pico.PIO.OUT_HIGH
+.lang_opt python out_init = pico.PIO.OUT_HIGH
+.lang_opt python out_shiftdir = 1
+
+.wrap_target
+bitloop:
+    out x, 1               side 0 [T3 - 1]
+    jmp !x send_zero       side 1 [T1 - 1]
+send_one:
+    jmp bitloop            side 1 [T2 - 1]
+send_zero:
+    nop                    side 0 [T2 - 1]
+.wrap
+
+% c-sdk {
+#include "hardware/clocks.h"
+
+static inline void ws2812_program_init(PIO pio, uint sm, uint offset, uint pin, float freq, uint bits) {
+    pio_gpio_init(pio, pin);
+    pio_sm_set_consecutive_pindirs(pio, sm, pin, 1, true);
+
+    pio_sm_config c = ws2812_program_get_default_config(offset);
+    sm_config_set_sideset_pins(&c, pin);
+    sm_config_set_out_shift(&c, false, true, bits);
+    sm_config_set_fifo_join(&c, PIO_FIFO_JOIN_TX);
+
+    int cycles_per_bit = ws2812_T1 + ws2812_T2 + ws2812_T3;
+    float div = (float)clock_get_hz(clk_sys) / (freq * (float)cycles_per_bit);
+    sm_config_set_clkdiv(&c, div);
+
+    pio_sm_init(pio, sm, offset, &c);
+    pio_sm_set_enabled(pio, sm, true);
+}
+%}
--- a/firmware/panel/board_config.h
+++ b/firmware/panel/board_config.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#ifndef BOARD_CONFIG_H
+#define BOARD_CONFIG_H
+
+/* Matches adapter/code.py — W5500 on SPI1, WS2812 on GP27 */
+
+#define PIN_LED_STATUS 25
+
+#define SPI_PORT spi1
+#define SPI_CLK_MHZ 20
+
+#define PIN_CS 9
+#define PIN_SCK 10
+#define PIN_MOSI 11
+#define PIN_MISO 12
+#define PIN_RST 13
+
+#ifndef PIN_WS2812
+#define PIN_WS2812 27
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NUM_LEDS
+#define NUM_LEDS 405
+#endif
+
+#define LED_RGB_BYTES (NUM_LEDS * 3)
+
+/* W5500 socket assignments */
+#define SOCKET_DHCP 0
+#define SOCKET_UDP 1
+
+/* UDP port (same as CircuitPython adapter) */
+#define UDP_PORT 50007
+
+/* Compile-time panel index for filtered frames (0–4). 255 = accept all. */
+#ifndef PANEL_ID
+#define PANEL_ID 255
+#endif
+
+/* 1 = DHCP, 0 = static IP below */
+#ifndef USE_DHCP
+#define USE_DHCP 0
+#endif
+
+#define STATIC_IP_OCT4 ((PANEL_ID) == 255 ? 19u : (10u + (unsigned)(PANEL_ID)))
+#define STATIC_IP {10, 1, 1, (uint8_t)STATIC_IP_OCT4}
+#define STATIC_SN {255, 255, 255, 0}
+#define STATIC_GW {10, 1, 1, 1}
+#define STATIC_DNS {10, 1, 1, 1}
+
+/* Locally administered; last byte = PANEL_ID (unique per panel 0–4). */
+#define MAC_ADDR {0x02, 0x50, 0x52, 0x54, 0x4C, (uint8_t)PANEL_ID}
+
+#endif
--- a/firmware/panel/main.c
+++ b/firmware/panel/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+/**
+ * Portal panel firmware — W5500 UDP + WS2812 (Pico SDK).
+ *
+ * UDP protocol (port 50007):
+ *   - N×3 bytes: raw RGB (N = NUM_LEDS), show immediately
+ *   - N×3+1 bytes: panel_id (byte 0) + RGB; panel_id 255 = any panel
+ *   - 4 bytes "SHOW": refresh buffered pixels (for split frame/show sync)
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "board_config.h"
+#include "wizchip_conf.h"
+#include "dhcp.h"
+#include "socket.h"
+#include "timer.h"
+#include "wizchip_spi.h"
+#include "ws2812_led.h"
+
+#include "hardware/gpio.h"
+#include "pico/stdlib.h"
+
+#define SOCKET_UDP 1
+#define SOCKET_DHCP 0
+#define ETH_BUF_SIZE 2048
+#define DHCP_RETRY_MAX 10
+
+static wiz_NetInfo g_net_info = {
+    .mac = MAC_ADDR,
+    .ip = STATIC_IP,
+    .sn = STATIC_SN,
+    .gw = STATIC_GW,
+    .dns = STATIC_DNS,
+#if USE_DHCP
+    .dhcp = NETINFO_DHCP,
+#else
+    .dhcp = NETINFO_STATIC,
+#endif
+};
+
+static uint8_t g_eth_buf[ETH_BUF_SIZE];
+static uint8_t g_pixel_buf[LED_RGB_BYTES];
+static volatile uint16_t g_ms_tick;
+static uint8_t g_dhcp_ready;
+
+static void dhcp_timer_cb(void) {
+    g_ms_tick++;
+    if (g_ms_tick >= 999) {
+        g_ms_tick = 0;
+        DHCP_time_handler();
+    }
+}
+
+static void dhcp_assign(void) {
+    getIPfromDHCP(g_net_info.ip);
+    getGWfromDHCP(g_net_info.gw);
+    getSNfromDHCP(g_net_info.sn);
+    getDNSfromDHCP(g_net_info.dns);
+    g_net_info.dhcp = NETINFO_DHCP;
+    network_initialize(g_net_info);
+    print_network_information(g_net_info);
+    g_dhcp_ready = 1;
+}
+
+static void dhcp_conflict(void) {
+    printf("DHCP conflict\n");
+}
+
+static int network_bring_up(void) {
+#if USE_DHCP
+    uint8_t retries = 0;
+    DHCP_init(SOCKET_DHCP, g_eth_buf);
+    reg_dhcp_cbfunc(dhcp_assign, dhcp_assign, dhcp_conflict);
+    wizchip_1ms_timer_initialize(dhcp_timer_cb);
+
+    while (!g_dhcp_ready && retries < DHCP_RETRY_MAX) {
+        int8_t rv = DHCP_run();
+        if (rv == DHCP_IP_LEASED) {
+            g_dhcp_ready = 1;
+            break;
+        }
+        if (rv == DHCP_FAILED) {
+            retries++;
+        }
+        wizchip_delay_ms(250);
+    }
+    if (!g_dhcp_ready) {
+        printf("DHCP failed, using static IP\n");
+        g_net_info.dhcp = NETINFO_STATIC;
+        network_initialize(g_net_info);
+        print_network_information(g_net_info);
+    }
+#else
+    network_initialize(g_net_info);
+    print_network_information(g_net_info);
+#endif
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int udp_socket_open(void) {
+    int8_t sn = socket(SOCKET_UDP, Sn_MR_UDP, UDP_PORT, 0);
+    if (sn != SOCKET_UDP) {
+        printf("UDP socket open failed: %d\n", sn);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    printf("UDP listening on port %d\n", UDP_PORT);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void led_boot_test(void) {
+    printf("LED boot test on GP%d (%d pixels)\n", PIN_WS2812, NUM_LEDS);
+    ws2812_fill(255, 0, 0);
+    ws2812_show();
+    sleep_ms(500);
+    ws2812_fill(0, 255, 0);
+    ws2812_show();
+    sleep_ms(500);
+    ws2812_fill(0, 0, 0);
+    ws2812_show();
+}
+
+static int handle_frame(const uint8_t *rgb, uint16_t len) {
+    if (len != LED_RGB_BYTES) {
+        printf("frame reject len=%u want=%u\n", (unsigned)len, (unsigned)LED_RGB_BYTES);
+        return -1;
+    }
+    ws2812_set_rgb(rgb, NUM_LEDS);
+    ws2812_show();
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void handle_packet(const uint8_t *data, int16_t len) {
+    if (len == 4 && memcmp(data, "SHOW", 4) == 0) {
+        ws2812_set_rgb(g_pixel_buf, NUM_LEDS);
+        ws2812_show();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (len == LED_RGB_BYTES) {
+        memcpy(g_pixel_buf, data, LED_RGB_BYTES);
+        handle_frame(data, (uint16_t)len);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (len == LED_RGB_BYTES + 1) {
+        uint8_t panel = data[0];
+        if (panel != 255 && panel != (uint8_t)PANEL_ID) {
+            return;
+        }
+        memcpy(g_pixel_buf, data + 1, LED_RGB_BYTES);
+        handle_frame(data + 1, LED_RGB_BYTES);
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+static void poll_udp(void) {
+    while (1) {
+        uint16_t rx = getSn_RX_RSR(SOCKET_UDP);
+        if (rx == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (rx > ETH_BUF_SIZE) {
+            rx = ETH_BUF_SIZE;
+        }
+
+        uint8_t src_ip[4];
+        uint16_t src_port;
+        int16_t n = recvfrom(SOCKET_UDP, g_eth_buf, rx, src_ip, &src_port);
+        if (n <= 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        handle_packet(g_eth_buf, n);
+    }
+}
+
+int main(void) {
+    stdio_init_all();
+    sleep_ms(2000);
+
+    gpio_init(PIN_LED_STATUS);
+    gpio_set_dir(PIN_LED_STATUS, GPIO_OUT);
+
+    printf("portal panel firmware (Pico SDK)\n");
+    printf("LEDs=%d panel_id=%d mac=02:50:52:54:4C:%02X ip=10.1.1.%u\n",
+           NUM_LEDS, PANEL_ID, (unsigned)PANEL_ID, (unsigned)STATIC_IP_OCT4);
+
+    wizchip_spi_initialize();
+    wizchip_cris_initialize();
+    wizchip_reset();
+    wizchip_initialize();
+    wizchip_check();
+
+    ws2812_init(PIN_WS2812, NUM_LEDS);
+    memset(g_pixel_buf, 0, sizeof(g_pixel_buf));
+    led_boot_test();
+
+    network_bring_up();
+    if (udp_socket_open() != 0) {
+        while (1) {
+            gpio_xor_mask(1u << PIN_LED_STATUS);
+            sleep_ms(100);
+        }
+    }
+
+    uint32_t heartbeat = 0;
+    while (1) {
+#if USE_DHCP
+        DHCP_run();
+#endif
+        poll_udp();
+        if (++heartbeat >= 500) {
+            gpio_xor_mask(1u << PIN_LED_STATUS);
+            heartbeat = 0;
+        }
+        sleep_ms(1);
+    }
+}
--- a/firmware/panel/pico_sdk_import.cmake
+++ b/firmware/panel/pico_sdk_import.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# This can be dropped into any project as a standalone CMake file
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
+
+if (DEFINED ENV{PICO_SDK_PATH} AND (NOT PICO_SDK_PATH))
+    set(PICO_SDK_PATH $ENV{PICO_SDK_PATH})
+endif ()
+
+if (DEFINED ENV{PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT} AND (NOT PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT))
+    set(PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT $ENV{PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT})
+endif ()
+
+if (DEFINED ENV{PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH} AND (NOT PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH))
+    set(PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH $ENV{PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH})
+endif ()
+
+set(PICO_SDK_PATH "${PICO_SDK_PATH}" CACHE PATH "Path to the Raspberry Pi Pico SDK")
+set(PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT "${PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT}" CACHE BOOL "Set to ON to fetch Pico SDK from git")
+set(PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH "${PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH}" CACHE FILEPATH "Location to download Pico SDK")
+
+if (NOT PICO_SDK_PATH)
+    if (PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT)
+        include(FetchContent)
+        set(FETCHCONTENT_BASE_DIR_SAVE ${FETCHCONTENT_BASE_DIR})
+        if (PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH)
+            get_filename_component(FETCHCONTENT_BASE_DIR "${PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT_PATH}" REALPATH)
+        endif ()
+        FetchContent_Declare(
+                pico_sdk
+                GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/raspberrypi/pico-sdk
+                GIT_TAG master
+        )
+        if (NOT pico_sdk)
+            FetchContent_Populate(pico_sdk)
+            set(PICO_SDK_PATH ${pico_sdk_SOURCE_DIR})
+        endif ()
+        set(FETCHCONTENT_BASE_DIR ${FETCHCONTENT_BASE_DIR_SAVE})
+    else ()
+        message(FATAL_ERROR
+                "PICO_SDK_PATH is not set. Clone pico-sdk and export PICO_SDK_PATH, "
+                "or set PICO_SDK_FETCH_FROM_GIT=ON.")
+    endif ()
+endif ()
+
+get_filename_component(PICO_SDK_PATH "${PICO_SDK_PATH}" REALPATH BASE_DIR "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}")
+if (NOT EXISTS ${PICO_SDK_PATH})
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Directory '${PICO_SDK_PATH}' not found")
+endif ()
+
+set(PICO_SDK_INIT_CMAKE_FILE ${PICO_SDK_PATH}/pico_sdk_init.cmake)
+if (NOT EXISTS ${PICO_SDK_INIT_CMAKE_FILE})
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "pico_sdk_init.cmake not found in ${PICO_SDK_PATH}")
+endif ()
+
+include(${PICO_SDK_INIT_CMAKE_FILE})
--- a/firmware/panel/timer.c
+++ b/firmware/panel/timer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include "timer.h"
+
+static struct repeating_timer g_timer;
+static void (*g_callback)(void);
+
+void wizchip_1ms_timer_initialize(void (*callback)(void)) {
+    g_callback = callback;
+    add_repeating_timer_us(-1000, wizchip_1ms_timer_callback, NULL, &g_timer);
+}
+
+bool wizchip_1ms_timer_callback(struct repeating_timer *t) {
+    (void)t;
+    if (g_callback != NULL) {
+        g_callback();
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+void wizchip_delay_ms(uint32_t ms) {
+    sleep_ms(ms);
+}
--- a/firmware/panel/timer.h
+++ b/firmware/panel/timer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef PANEL_TIMER_H
+#define PANEL_TIMER_H
+
+#include "pico/stdlib.h"
+
+void wizchip_1ms_timer_initialize(void (*callback)(void));
+bool wizchip_1ms_timer_callback(struct repeating_timer *t);
+void wizchip_delay_ms(uint32_t ms);
+
+#endif
--- a/firmware/panel/wizchip_spi.c
+++ b/firmware/panel/wizchip_spi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+/**
+ * W5500 SPI port for portal panel adapter (SPI1, GP9–13).
+ * Derived from WIZnet-PICO-C port/ioLibrary_Driver (BSD-3-Clause).
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "board_config.h"
+#include "wizchip_conf.h"
+#include "wizchip_spi.h"
+
+#include "hardware/gpio.h"
+#include "hardware/spi.h"
+#include "pico/binary_info.h"
+#include "pico/critical_section.h"
+#include "pico/stdlib.h"
+
+static critical_section_t g_wizchip_cri_sec;
+
+static inline void wizchip_select(void) {
+    gpio_put(PIN_CS, 0);
+}
+
+static inline void wizchip_deselect(void) {
+    gpio_put(PIN_CS, 1);
+}
+
+static uint8_t wizchip_read(void) {
+    uint8_t rx = 0;
+    uint8_t tx = 0xff;
+    spi_read_blocking(SPI_PORT, tx, &rx, 1);
+    return rx;
+}
+
+static void wizchip_write(uint8_t tx) {
+    spi_write_blocking(SPI_PORT, &tx, 1);
+}
+
+static void wizchip_critical_section_lock(void) {
+    critical_section_enter_blocking(&g_wizchip_cri_sec);
+}
+
+static void wizchip_critical_section_unlock(void) {
+    critical_section_exit(&g_wizchip_cri_sec);
+}
+
+void wizchip_reset(void) {
+    gpio_init(PIN_RST);
+    gpio_set_dir(PIN_RST, GPIO_OUT);
+    gpio_put(PIN_RST, 0);
+    sleep_ms(100);
+    gpio_put(PIN_RST, 1);
+    sleep_ms(100);
+    bi_decl(bi_1pin_with_name(PIN_RST, "W5500 RESET"));
+}
+
+void wizchip_spi_initialize(void) {
+    spi_init(SPI_PORT, SPI_CLK_MHZ * 1000 * 1000);
+
+    gpio_set_function(PIN_SCK, GPIO_FUNC_SPI);
+    gpio_set_function(PIN_MOSI, GPIO_FUNC_SPI);
+    gpio_set_function(PIN_MISO, GPIO_FUNC_SPI);
+
+    bi_decl(bi_3pins_with_func(PIN_MISO, PIN_MOSI, PIN_SCK, GPIO_FUNC_SPI));
+
+    gpio_init(PIN_CS);
+    gpio_set_dir(PIN_CS, GPIO_OUT);
+    gpio_put(PIN_CS, 1);
+    bi_decl(bi_1pin_with_name(PIN_CS, "W5500 CS"));
+}
+
+void wizchip_cris_initialize(void) {
+    critical_section_init(&g_wizchip_cri_sec);
+    reg_wizchip_cris_cbfunc(wizchip_critical_section_lock, wizchip_critical_section_unlock);
+}
+
+void wizchip_initialize(void) {
+    wizchip_deselect();
+    reg_wizchip_cs_cbfunc(wizchip_select, wizchip_deselect);
+    reg_wizchip_spi_cbfunc(wizchip_read, wizchip_write);
+
+    uint8_t memsize[2][8] = {
+        {2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2},
+        {2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2},
+    };
+
+    if (ctlwizchip(CW_INIT_WIZCHIP, (void *)memsize) == -1) {
+        printf("W5500 init failed\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    uint8_t link = PHY_LINK_OFF;
+    do {
+        if (ctlwizchip(CW_GET_PHYLINK, (void *)&link) == -1) {
+            printf("PHY link unknown\n");
+            return;
+        }
+    } while (link == PHY_LINK_OFF);
+}
+
+void wizchip_check(void) {
+    if (getVERSIONR() != 0x04) {
+        printf("W5500 version mismatch: 0x%02x\n", getVERSIONR());
+        while (1) {
+            tight_loop_contents();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void network_initialize(wiz_NetInfo net_info) {
+    ctlnetwork(CN_SET_NETINFO, (void *)&net_info);
+}
+
+void print_network_information(wiz_NetInfo net_info) {
+    ctlnetwork(CN_GET_NETINFO, (void *)&net_info);
+    printf("MAC %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n",
+           net_info.mac[0], net_info.mac[1], net_info.mac[2],
+           net_info.mac[3], net_info.mac[4], net_info.mac[5]);
+    printf("IP %d.%d.%d.%d\n",
+           net_info.ip[0], net_info.ip[1], net_info.ip[2], net_info.ip[3]);
+}
--- a/firmware/panel/wizchip_spi.h
+++ b/firmware/panel/wizchip_spi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef WIZCHIP_SPI_H
+#define WIZCHIP_SPI_H
+
+#include "wizchip_conf.h"
+
+void wizchip_spi_initialize(void);
+void wizchip_cris_initialize(void);
+void wizchip_reset(void);
+void wizchip_initialize(void);
+void wizchip_check(void);
+void network_initialize(wiz_NetInfo net_info);
+void print_network_information(wiz_NetInfo net_info);
+
+#endif
--- a/firmware/panel/ws2812_led.cpp
+++ b/firmware/panel/ws2812_led.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/* C API wrapper around ForsakenNGS/Pico_WS2812 */
+
+#include "ws2812_led.h"
+
+#include "WS2812.hpp"
+
+#include "hardware/pio.h"
+#include "pico/stdlib.h"
+
+static WS2812 *s_strip;
+
+extern "C" void ws2812_init(unsigned int pin, unsigned int num_leds) {
+    uint sm = pio_claim_unused_sm(pio0, true);
+    s_strip = new WS2812(pin, num_leds, pio0, sm, WS2812::FORMAT_GRB);
+}
+
+extern "C" void ws2812_set_rgb(const uint8_t *rgb, unsigned int count) {
+    if (s_strip == nullptr || rgb == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        s_strip->setPixelColor(i, rgb[i * 3 + 0], rgb[i * 3 + 1], rgb[i * 3 + 2]);
+    }
+}
+
+extern "C" void ws2812_fill(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b) {
+    if (s_strip == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    s_strip->fill(WS2812::RGB(r, g, b));
+}
+
+extern "C" void ws2812_show(void) {
+    if (s_strip == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    s_strip->show();
+    sleep_us(300);
+}
--- a/firmware/panel/ws2812_led.h
+++ b/firmware/panel/ws2812_led.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#ifndef WS2812_LED_H
+#define WS2812_LED_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+void ws2812_init(unsigned int pin, unsigned int num_leds);
+void ws2812_set_rgb(const uint8_t *rgb, unsigned int count);
+void ws2812_fill(uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b);
+void ws2812_show(void);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif