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avrdude/usbasp.c

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/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
* Copyright (C) 2006 Thomas Fischl
* Copyright 2007 Joerg Wunsch <j@uriah.heep.sax.de>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/* $Id$ */
/*
* Interface to the USBasp programmer.
*
* See http://www.fischl.de/usbasp/
*/
#include "ac_cfg.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "avrdude.h"
#include "avr.h"
#include "pgm.h"
#include "usbasp.h"
#if defined(HAVE_LIBUSB) || defined(HAVE_LIBUSB_1_0)
#ifdef HAVE_LIBUSB_1_0
# define USE_LIBUSB_1_0
#endif
#if defined(USE_LIBUSB_1_0)
# if defined(HAVE_LIBUSB_1_0_LIBUSB_H)
# include <libusb-1.0/libusb.h>
# else
# include <libusb.h>
# endif
#else
# include <usb.h>
#endif
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
static libusb_context *ctx = NULL;
static int libusb_to_errno(int result)
{
switch (result) {
case LIBUSB_SUCCESS:
return 0;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_IO:
return EIO;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM:
return EINVAL;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS:
return EACCES;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE:
return ENXIO;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND:
return ENOENT;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY:
return EBUSY;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_TIMEOUT:
return ETIMEDOUT;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_OVERFLOW:
return EOVERFLOW;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_PIPE:
return EPIPE;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_INTERRUPTED:
return EINTR;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM:
return ENOMEM;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED:
return ENOSYS;
default:
return ERANGE;
}
}
#endif
/*
* Private data for this programmer.
*/
struct pdata
{
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
libusb_device_handle *usbhandle;
#else
usb_dev_handle *usbhandle;
#endif
int sckfreq_hz;
};
#define PDATA(pgm) ((struct pdata *)(pgm->cookie))
static void usbasp_setup(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
if ((pgm->cookie = malloc(sizeof(struct pdata))) == 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: usbasp_setup(): Out of memory allocating private data\n",
progname);
exit(1);
}
memset(pgm->cookie, 0, sizeof(struct pdata));
}
static void usbasp_teardown(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
free(pgm->cookie);
}
/*
* wrapper for usb_control_msg call
*/
static int usbasp_transmit(PROGRAMMER * pgm,
unsigned char receive, unsigned char functionid,
unsigned char send[4], unsigned char * buffer, int buffersize)
{
int nbytes;
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
nbytes = libusb_control_transfer(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle,
(LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_VENDOR | LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_DEVICE | (receive << 7)) & 0xff,
functionid & 0xff,
((send[1] << 8) | send[0]) & 0xffff,
((send[3] << 8) | send[2]) & 0xffff,
(char *)buffer,
buffersize & 0xffff,
5000);
if(nbytes < 0){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: usbasp_transmit: %s\n", progname, strerror(libusb_to_errno(nbytes)));
return -1;
}
#else
nbytes = usb_control_msg(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle,
USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_DEVICE | (receive << 7),
functionid,
(send[1] << 8) | send[0],
(send[3] << 8) | send[2],
(char *)buffer, buffersize,
5000);
if(nbytes < 0){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: usbasp_transmit: %s\n", progname, usb_strerror());
return -1;
}
#endif
return nbytes;
}
/*
* Try to open USB device with given VID, PID, vendor and product name
* Parts of this function were taken from an example code by OBJECTIVE
* DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH (www.obdev.at) to meet conditions for
* shared VID/PID
*/
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
static int usbOpenDevice(libusb_device_handle **device, int vendor,
char *vendorName, int product, char *productName)
{
libusb_device_handle *handle = NULL;
int errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
static int didUsbInit = 0;
int j;
int r;
if(!didUsbInit){
didUsbInit = 1;
libusb_init(&ctx);
}
libusb_device **dev_list;
int dev_list_len = libusb_get_device_list(ctx, &dev_list);
for (j=0; j<dev_list_len; ++j) {
libusb_device *dev = dev_list[j];
struct libusb_device_descriptor descriptor;
libusb_get_device_descriptor(dev, &descriptor);
if (descriptor.idVendor == vendor && descriptor.idProduct == product) {
char string[256];
/* we need to open the device in order to query strings */
r = libusb_open(dev, &handle);
if (!handle) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_ACCESS;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Warning: cannot open USB device: %s\n",
progname, strerror(libusb_to_errno(r)));
continue;
}
if (vendorName == NULL && productName == NULL) {
/* name does not matter */
break;
}
/* now check whether the names match: */
r = libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(handle, descriptor.iManufacturer & 0xff, string, sizeof(string));
if (r < 0) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Warning: cannot query manufacturer for device: %s\n",
progname, strerror(libusb_to_errno(r)));
} else {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
if (verbose > 1)
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: seen device from vendor ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if (strcmp(string, vendorName) == 0){
r = libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(handle, descriptor.iProduct & 0xff, string, sizeof(string));
if (r < 0) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Warning: cannot query product for device: %s\n",
progname, strerror(libusb_to_errno(r)));
} else {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
if (verbose > 1)
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: seen product ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if(strcmp(string, productName) == 0)
break;
}
}
}
libusb_close(handle);
handle = NULL;
}
}
if (handle != NULL){
errorCode = 0;
*device = handle;
}
return errorCode;
}
#else
static int usbOpenDevice(usb_dev_handle **device, int vendor,
char *vendorName, int product, char *productName)
{
struct usb_bus *bus;
struct usb_device *dev;
usb_dev_handle *handle = NULL;
int errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
static int didUsbInit = 0;
if(!didUsbInit){
didUsbInit = 1;
usb_init();
}
usb_find_busses();
usb_find_devices();
for(bus=usb_get_busses(); bus; bus=bus->next){
for(dev=bus->devices; dev; dev=dev->next){
if(dev->descriptor.idVendor == vendor &&
dev->descriptor.idProduct == product){
char string[256];
int len;
/* we need to open the device in order to query strings */
handle = usb_open(dev);
if(!handle){
errorCode = USB_ERROR_ACCESS;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Warning: cannot open USB device: %s\n",
progname, usb_strerror());
continue;
}
if(vendorName == NULL && productName == NULL){
/* name does not matter */
break;
}
/* now check whether the names match: */
len = usb_get_string_simple(handle, dev->descriptor.iManufacturer,
string, sizeof(string));
if(len < 0){
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Warning: cannot query manufacturer for device: %s\n",
progname, usb_strerror());
}else{
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
if (verbose > 1)
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: seen device from vendor ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if(strcmp(string, vendorName) == 0){
len = usb_get_string_simple(handle, dev->descriptor.iProduct,
string, sizeof(string));
if(len < 0){
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Warning: cannot query product for device: %s\n",
progname, usb_strerror());
}else{
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
if (verbose > 1)
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: seen product ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if(strcmp(string, productName) == 0)
break;
}
}
}
usb_close(handle);
handle = NULL;
}
}
if(handle)
break;
}
if(handle != NULL){
errorCode = 0;
*device = handle;
}
return errorCode;
}
#endif
static int usbasp_open(PROGRAMMER * pgm, char * port)
{
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
libusb_init(&ctx);
#else
usb_init();
#endif
if(strcasecmp(port, "nibobee") == 0) {
if (usbOpenDevice(&PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle, USBASP_NIBOBEE_VID, "www.nicai-systems.com",
USBASP_NIBOBEE_PID, "NIBObee") != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: error: could not find USB device "
"\"NIBObee\" with vid=0x%x pid=0x%x\n",
progname, USBASP_NIBOBEE_VID, USBASP_NIBOBEE_PID);
return -1;
}
} else if (usbOpenDevice(&PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle, USBASP_SHARED_VID, "www.fischl.de",
USBASP_SHARED_PID, "USBasp") != 0) {
/* check if device with old VID/PID is available */
if (usbOpenDevice(&PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle, USBASP_OLD_VID, "www.fischl.de",
USBASP_OLD_PID, "USBasp") != 0) {
/* no USBasp found */
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: error: could not find USB device "
"\"USBasp\" with vid=0x%x pid=0x%x\n",
progname, USBASP_SHARED_VID, USBASP_SHARED_PID);
return -1;
} else {
/* found USBasp with old IDs */
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Warning: Found USB device \"USBasp\" with "
"old VID/PID! Please update firmware of USBasp!\n",
progname);
}
}
return 0;
}
static void usbasp_close(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
if (PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle!=NULL) {
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_DISCONNECT, temp, temp, sizeof(temp));
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
libusb_close(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle);
#else
usb_close(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle);
#endif
}
}
static int usbasp_initialize(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p)
{
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
/* set sck period */
pgm->set_sck_period(pgm, pgm->bitclock);
/* connect to target device */
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_CONNECT, temp, temp, sizeof(temp));
/* wait, so device is ready to receive commands */
usleep(100000);
return pgm->program_enable(pgm, p);
}
static void usbasp_disable(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
/* Do nothing. */
return;
}
static void usbasp_enable(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
/* Do nothing. */
return;
}
static void usbasp_display(PROGRAMMER * pgm, const char * p)
{
return;
}
static int usbasp_cmd(PROGRAMMER * pgm, unsigned char cmd[4],
unsigned char res[4])
{
int nbytes =
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TRANSMIT, cmd, res, sizeof(res));
if(nbytes != 4){
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: wrong responds size\n",
progname);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_program_enable(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p)
{
unsigned char res[4];
unsigned char cmd[4];
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
memset(res, 0, sizeof(res));
cmd[0] = 0;
int nbytes =
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_ENABLEPROG, cmd, res, sizeof(res));
if ((nbytes != 1) | (res[0] != 0)) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: programm enable: target doesn't answer. %x \n",
progname, res[0]);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_chip_erase(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p)
{
unsigned char cmd[4];
unsigned char res[4];
if (p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE] == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "chip erase instruction not defined for part \"%s\"\n",
p->desc);
return -1;
}
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE], cmd);
pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
usleep(p->chip_erase_delay);
pgm->initialize(pgm, p);
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_paged_load(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p, AVRMEM * m,
int page_size, int n_bytes)
{
int n;
unsigned char cmd[4];
int address = 0;
int wbytes = n_bytes;
int blocksize;
unsigned char * buffer = m->buf;
int function;
if (strcmp(m->desc, "flash") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_READFLASH;
} else if (strcmp(m->desc, "eeprom") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_READEEPROM;
} else {
return -2;
}
/* set blocksize depending on sck frequency */
if ((PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz > 0) && (PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz < 10000)) {
blocksize = USBASP_READBLOCKSIZE / 10;
} else {
blocksize = USBASP_READBLOCKSIZE;
}
while (wbytes) {
if (wbytes <= blocksize) {
blocksize = wbytes;
}
wbytes -= blocksize;
/* set address (new mode) - if firmware on usbasp support newmode, then they use address from this command */
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
cmd[2] = address >> 16;
cmd[3] = address >> 24;
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_SETLONGADDRESS, cmd, temp, sizeof(temp));
/* send command with address (compatibility mode) - if firmware on
usbasp doesn't support newmode, then they use address from this */
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
// for compatibility - previous version of usbasp.c doesn't initialize this fields (firmware ignore it)
cmd[2] = 0;
cmd[3] = 0;
n = usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, function, cmd, buffer, blocksize);
if (n != blocksize) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: wrong reading bytes %x\n",
progname, n);
return -3;
}
buffer += blocksize;
address += blocksize;
report_progress (address, n_bytes, NULL);
}
return n_bytes;
}
static int usbasp_paged_write(PROGRAMMER * pgm, AVRPART * p, AVRMEM * m,
int page_size, int n_bytes)
{
int n;
unsigned char cmd[4];
int address = 0;
int wbytes = n_bytes;
int blocksize;
unsigned char * buffer = m->buf;
unsigned char blockflags = USBASP_BLOCKFLAG_FIRST;
int function;
if (strcmp(m->desc, "flash") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_WRITEFLASH;
} else if (strcmp(m->desc, "eeprom") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_WRITEEEPROM;
} else {
return -2;
}
/* set blocksize depending on sck frequency */
if ((PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz > 0) && (PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz < 10000)) {
blocksize = USBASP_WRITEBLOCKSIZE / 10;
} else {
blocksize = USBASP_WRITEBLOCKSIZE;
}
while (wbytes) {
if (wbytes <= blocksize) {
blocksize = wbytes;
blockflags |= USBASP_BLOCKFLAG_LAST;
}
wbytes -= blocksize;
/* set address (new mode) - if firmware on usbasp support newmode, then
they use address from this command */
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
cmd[2] = address >> 16;
cmd[3] = address >> 24;
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_SETLONGADDRESS, cmd, temp, sizeof(temp));
/* normal command - firmware what support newmode - use address from previous command,
firmware what doesn't support newmode - ignore previous command and use address from this command */
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
cmd[2] = page_size & 0xFF;
cmd[3] = (blockflags & 0x0F) + ((page_size & 0xF00) >> 4); //TP: Mega128 fix
blockflags = 0;
n = usbasp_transmit(pgm, 0, function, cmd, buffer, blocksize);
if (n != blocksize) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: wrong count at writing %x\n",
progname, n);
return -3;
}
buffer += blocksize;
address += blocksize;
report_progress (address, n_bytes, NULL);
}
return n_bytes;
}
/* The list of SCK frequencies in Hz supported by USBasp */
static struct sckoptions_t usbaspSCKoptions[] = {
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_1500, 1500000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_750, 750000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_375, 375000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_187_5, 187500 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_93_75, 93750 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_32, 32000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_16, 16000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_8, 8000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_4, 4000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_2, 2000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_1, 1000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_0_5, 500 }
};
/*
* Set sck period (in seconds)
* Find next possible sck period and write it to the programmer.
*/
static int usbasp_set_sck_period(PROGRAMMER *pgm, double sckperiod)
{
char clockoption = USBASP_ISP_SCK_AUTO;
unsigned char res[4];
unsigned char cmd[4];
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
memset(res, 0, sizeof(res));
/* reset global sck frequency to auto */
PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz = 0;
if (sckperiod == 0) {
/* auto sck set */
if (verbose >= 1)
fprintf(stderr, "%s: auto set sck period (because given equals null)\n", progname);
} else {
int sckfreq = 1 / sckperiod; /* sck in Hz */
int usefreq = 0;
if (verbose >= 2)
fprintf(stderr, "%s: try to set SCK period to %g s (= %i Hz)\n", progname, sckperiod, sckfreq);
if (sckfreq >= usbaspSCKoptions[0].frequency) {
clockoption = usbaspSCKoptions[0].id;
usefreq = usbaspSCKoptions[0].frequency;
} else {
/* find clock option next to given clock */
int i;
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(usbaspSCKoptions) / sizeof(usbaspSCKoptions[0]); i++) {
if (sckfreq >= usbaspSCKoptions[i].frequency - 1) { /* subtract 1 to compensate round errors */
clockoption = usbaspSCKoptions[i].id;
usefreq = usbaspSCKoptions[i].frequency;
break;
}
}
}
/* save used sck frequency */
PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz = usefreq;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: set SCK frequency to %i Hz\n", progname, usefreq);
}
cmd[0] = clockoption;
int nbytes =
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_SETISPSCK, cmd, res, sizeof(res));
if ((nbytes != 1) | (res[0] != 0)) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: warning: cannot set sck period. please check for usbasp firmware update.\n",
progname);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
void usbasp_initpgm(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
strcpy(pgm->type, "usbasp");
/*
* mandatory functions
*/
pgm->initialize = usbasp_initialize;
pgm->display = usbasp_display;
pgm->enable = usbasp_enable;
pgm->disable = usbasp_disable;
pgm->program_enable = usbasp_program_enable;
pgm->chip_erase = usbasp_chip_erase;
pgm->cmd = usbasp_cmd;
pgm->open = usbasp_open;
pgm->close = usbasp_close;
pgm->read_byte = avr_read_byte_default;
pgm->write_byte = avr_write_byte_default;
/*
* optional functions
*/
pgm->paged_write = usbasp_paged_write;
pgm->paged_load = usbasp_paged_load;
pgm->setup = usbasp_setup;
pgm->teardown = usbasp_teardown;
pgm->set_sck_period = usbasp_set_sck_period;
}
#else /* HAVE_LIBUSB */
static int usbasp_nousb_open (struct programmer_t *pgm, char * name)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: no usb support. please compile again with libusb installed.\n",
progname);
return -1;
}
void usbasp_initpgm(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
strcpy(pgm->type, "usbasp");
pgm->open = usbasp_nousb_open;
}
#endif /* HAVE_LIBUSB */
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