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avrdude/avrdude/main.c

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/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
* Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 Brian S. Dean <bsd@bsdhome.com>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/* $Id$ */
/*
* Code to program an Atmel AVR AT90S device using the parallel port.
*
* Pin definitions can be changed via a config file. Below is the
* default pin configuration in the absence of a config definition
* which lists "default" as one of its ids.
*
* Parallel Port Programmer Function
* ------------- -----------------------------
* Pins 2-5 -> Vcc (see note below)
* Pin 7 -> AVR /RESET
* Pin 8 -> AVR SCK (clock input)
* Pin 9 -> AVR MOSI (instruction in)
* Pin 10 <- AVR MISO (data out)
* Pin 18 Signal Ground
*
* Additionally, the following connections can be made to enable
* additional features, however, to enable these features use the
* pin configuration id "alf" ("-c alf" on the command line):
*
* Parallel Port Programmer Function
* ------------- -----------------------------
* Pin 1 STATUS LED, active low (program or verify error)
* Pin 6 -> /ENABLE ('367 bus driver)
* Pin 14 STATUS LED, active low (ready)
* Pin 16 STATUS LED, active low (programming)
* Pin 17 STATUS LED, active low (verifying)
*
* Pin 6 can be tied to the enable line of a 74HC367 in order to
* isolate and buffer the data to and from the PC parallel port.
* This is useful for connecting to a device in-circuit, and keeps
* the state of the parallel port pins from interfering with the
* normal operation of the target system. When programming is
* complete, this pin is driven high, causing to pins of the '367 to
* float.
*
* NOTE on Vcc connection: make sure your parallel port can supply an
* adequate amount of current to power your device. 6-10 mA per pin
* is common for parallel port signal lines, but is not guaranteed,
* especially for notebook computers. For additional power, use
* multiple pins tied together with Schottky diodes. If in doubt,
* don't risk damaging your parallel port, use an external power
* supply.
*
*/
#include "ac_cfg.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "avr.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "fileio.h"
#include "par.h"
#include "pindefs.h"
#include "ppi.h"
#include "term.h"
#define DEFAULT_PARALLEL "/dev/ppi0"
#define DEFAULT_SERIAL "/dev/cuaa0"
char * version = "3.1.0";
char * progname;
char progbuf[PATH_MAX]; /* temporary buffer of spaces the same
length as progname; used for lining up
multiline messages */
PROGRAMMER * pgm = NULL;
PROGRAMMER * compiled_in_pgm;
/*
* global options
*/
int do_cycles; /* track erase-rewrite cycles */
/*
* usage message
*/
void usage(void)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"\nUsage: %s -p partno [-e] [-E exitspec[,exitspec]] [-f format] "
"[-F]\n"
" %s[-i filename] [-m memtype] [-o filename] [-P port] "
"[-t]\n"
" %s[-c programmer] [-C config-file] [-v [-v]] [-n]\n\n",
progname, progbuf, progbuf);
}
/*
* parse the -E string
*/
int getexitspecs(char *s, int *set, int *clr)
{
char *cp;
while ((cp = strtok(s, ","))) {
if (strcmp(cp, "reset") == 0) {
*clr |= par_getpinmask(pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET]);
}
else if (strcmp(cp, "noreset") == 0) {
*set |= par_getpinmask(pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET]);
}
else if (strcmp(cp, "vcc") == 0) {
if (pgm->pinno[PPI_AVR_VCC])
*set |= pgm->pinno[PPI_AVR_VCC];
}
else if (strcmp(cp, "novcc") == 0) {
if (pgm->pinno[PPI_AVR_VCC])
*clr |= pgm->pinno[PPI_AVR_VCC];
}
else {
return -1;
}
s = 0; /* strtok() should be called with the actual string only once */
}
return 0;
}
int read_config(char * file)
{
FILE * f;
f = fopen(file, "r");
if (f == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open config file \"%s\": %s\n",
progname, file, strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
infile = file;
yyin = f;
yyparse();
fclose(f);
return 0;
}
void pinconfig_display(char * p)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%sProgrammer Type: %s\n", p, pgm->type);
pgm->display(pgm, p);
}
void verify_pin_assigned(int pin, char * desc)
{
if (pgm->pinno[pin] == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: no pin has been assigned for %s\n",
progname, desc);
exit(1);
}
}
PROGRAMMER * locate_pinconfig(LISTID programmers, char * configid)
{
LNODEID ln1, ln2;
PROGRAMMER * p = NULL;
char * id;
int found;
found = 0;
for (ln1=lfirst(programmers); ln1 && !found; ln1=lnext(ln1)) {
p = ldata(ln1);
for (ln2=lfirst(p->id); ln2 && !found; ln2=lnext(ln2)) {
id = ldata(ln2);
if (strcasecmp(configid, id) == 0)
found = 1;
}
}
if (found)
return p;
return NULL;
}
AVRPART * locate_part(LISTID parts, char * partdesc)
{
LNODEID ln1;
AVRPART * p = NULL;
int found;
found = 0;
for (ln1=lfirst(parts); ln1 && !found; ln1=lnext(ln1)) {
p = ldata(ln1);
if ((strcasecmp(partdesc, p->id) == 0) ||
(strcasecmp(partdesc, p->desc) == 0))
found = 1;
}
if (found)
return p;
return NULL;
}
void list_parts(FILE * f, char * prefix, LISTID parts)
{
LNODEID ln1;
AVRPART * p;
for (ln1=lfirst(parts); ln1; ln1=lnext(ln1)) {
p = ldata(ln1);
fprintf(f, "%s%-4s = %s\n", prefix, p->id, p->desc);
}
return;
}
/*
* main routine
*/
int main(int argc, char * argv [])
{
int rc; /* general return code checking */
int exitrc; /* exit code for main() */
int i; /* general loop counter */
int ch; /* options flag */
int size; /* size of memory region */
int len; /* length for various strings */
struct avrpart * p; /* which avr part we are programming */
struct avrpart * v; /* used for verify */
int readorwrite; /* true if a chip read/write op was selected */
int ppidata; /* cached value of the ppi data register */
int vsize=-1; /* number of bytes to verify */
AVRMEM * sig; /* signature data */
/* options / operating mode variables */
char * memtype; /* "flash", "eeprom", etc */
int doread; /* 1=reading AVR, 0=writing AVR */
int erase; /* 1=erase chip, 0=don't */
char * outputf; /* output file name */
char * inputf; /* input file name */
int ovsigck; /* 1=override sig check, 0=don't */
char * port; /* device port (/dev/xxx) */
int terminal; /* 1=enter terminal mode, 0=don't */
FILEFMT filefmt; /* FMT_AUTO, FMT_IHEX, FMT_SREC, FMT_RBIN */
int nowrite; /* don't actually write anything to the chip */
int verify; /* perform a verify operation */
int ppisetbits; /* bits to set in ppi data register at exit */
int ppiclrbits; /* bits to clear in ppi data register at exit */
char * exitspecs; /* exit specs string from command line */
int verbose; /* verbose output */
char * pinconfig; /* programmer id */
char * partdesc; /* part id */
char configfile[PATH_MAX]; /* pin configuration file */
int cycles; /* erase-rewrite cycles */
int set_cycles; /* value to set the erase-rewrite cycles to */
char * e; /* for strtol() error checking */
progname = rindex(argv[0],'/');
if (progname)
progname++;
else
progname = argv[0];
init_config();
partdesc = NULL;
readorwrite = 0;
port = DEFAULT_PARALLEL;
outputf = NULL;
inputf = NULL;
doread = 1;
memtype = "flash";
erase = 0;
p = NULL;
ovsigck = 0;
terminal = 0;
filefmt = FMT_AUTO;
nowrite = 0;
verify = 1; /* on by default */
ppisetbits = 0;
ppiclrbits = 0;
exitspecs = NULL;
pgm = NULL;
pinconfig = "avrdude"; /* compiled-in default */
verbose = 0;
do_cycles = 0;
set_cycles = -1;
strcpy(configfile, CONFIG_DIR);
i = strlen(configfile);
if (i && (configfile[i-1] != '/'))
strcat(configfile, "/");
strcat(configfile, "avrdude.conf");
/*
* initialize compiled-in default programmer
*/
compiled_in_pgm = pgm_new();
pgm = compiled_in_pgm;
par_initpgm(pgm);
ladd(pgm->id, dup_string("avrdude"));
strcpy(pgm->desc, "avrdude compiled-in default");
pgm->pinno[PPI_AVR_VCC] = 0x0f; /* ppi pins 2-5, data reg bits 0-3 */
pgm->pinno[PPI_AVR_BUFF] = 0;
pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] = 7;
pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_SCK] = 8;
pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_MOSI] = 9;
pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_MISO] = 10;
pgm->pinno[PIN_LED_ERR] = 0;
pgm->pinno[PIN_LED_RDY] = 0;
pgm->pinno[PIN_LED_PGM] = 0;
pgm->pinno[PIN_LED_VFY] = 0;
len = strlen(progname) + 2;
for (i=0; i<len; i++)
progbuf[i] = ' ';
progbuf[i] = 0;
/*
* check for no arguments
*/
if (argc == 1) {
usage();
return 0;
}
/*
* process command line arguments
*/
while ((ch = getopt(argc,argv,"?c:C:eE:f:Fi:m:no:p:P:tvVyY:")) != -1) {
switch (ch) {
case 'c': /* pin configuration */
pinconfig = optarg;
if (strcmp(pinconfig, "stk500") == 0) {
if (port == DEFAULT_PARALLEL) {
port = DEFAULT_SERIAL;
}
}
break;
case 'C': /* pin configuration file */
strncpy(configfile, optarg, PATH_MAX);
configfile[PATH_MAX-1] = 0;
break;
case 'm': /* select memory type to operate on */
if ((strcasecmp(optarg,"e")==0)||(strcasecmp(optarg,"eeprom")==0)) {
memtype = "eeprom";
}
else if ((strcasecmp(optarg,"f")==0)||
(strcasecmp(optarg,"flash")==0)) {
memtype = "flash";
}
else {
memtype = optarg;
}
readorwrite = 1;
break;
case 'F': /* override invalid signature check */
ovsigck = 1;
break;
case 'n':
nowrite = 1;
break;
case 'o': /* specify output file */
if (inputf || terminal) {
fprintf(stderr,"%s: -i, -o, and -t are incompatible\n\n", progname);
return 1;
}
doread = 1;
outputf = optarg;
if (filefmt == FMT_AUTO)
filefmt = FMT_RBIN;
break;
case 'p' : /* specify AVR part */
partdesc = optarg;
break;
case 'e': /* perform a chip erase */
erase = 1;
break;
case 'E':
exitspecs = optarg;
break;
case 'i': /* specify input file */
if (outputf || terminal) {
fprintf(stderr,"%s: -o, -i, and -t are incompatible\n\n", progname);
return 1;
}
doread = 0;
inputf = optarg;
break;
case 'f': /* specify file format */
if (strlen(optarg) != 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid file format \"%s\"\n",
progname, optarg);
usage();
exit(1);
}
switch (optarg[0]) {
case 'a' : filefmt = FMT_AUTO; break;
case 'i' : filefmt = FMT_IHEX; break;
case 'r' : filefmt = FMT_RBIN; break;
case 's' : filefmt = FMT_SREC; break;
break;
default :
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid file format \"%s\"\n\n",
progname, optarg);
usage();
exit(1);
}
break;
case 't': /* enter terminal mode */
if (!((inputf == NULL)||(outputf == NULL))) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: terminal mode is not compatible with -i or -o\n\n",
progname);
usage();
exit(1);
}
terminal = 1;
break;
case 'P':
port = optarg;
break;
case 'v':
verbose++;
break;
case 'V':
verify = 0;
break;
case 'y':
do_cycles = 1;
break;
case 'Y':
set_cycles = strtol(optarg, &e, 0);
if ((e == optarg) || (*e != 0)) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid cycle count '%s'\n",
progname, optarg);
exit(1);
}
do_cycles = 1;
break;
case '?': /* help */
usage();
exit(0);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid option -%c\n\n", progname, ch);
usage();
exit(1);
break;
}
}
if (verbose) {
/*
* Print out an identifying string so folks can tell what version
* they are running
*/
fprintf(stderr,
"\n%s: Version %s\n"
"%sCopyright (c) 2000-2003 Brian Dean, bsd@bsdhome.com\n\n",
progname, version, progbuf);
}
rc = read_config(configfile);
if (rc) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error reading \"%s\" configuration from \"%s\"\n",
progname, pinconfig, configfile);
exit(1);
}
if (strcmp(pinconfig, "avrdude") == 0) {
pgm = locate_pinconfig(programmers, "default");
if (pgm == NULL) {
/* no default config listed, use the compile-in default */
pgm = compiled_in_pgm;
}
}
else {
pgm = locate_pinconfig(programmers, pinconfig);
if (pgm == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Can't find programmer id \"%s\"\n",
progname, pinconfig);
fprintf(stderr,"\n");
exit(1);
}
}
if (partdesc == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: No AVR part has been specified, use \"-p Part\"\n\n"
" Valid Parts are:\n\n",
progname);
list_parts(stderr, " ", part_list);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, "(These come from the config file \"%s\")\n", configfile);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
exit(1);
}
p = locate_part(part_list, partdesc);
if (p == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: AVR Part \"%s\" not found. Valid parts are:\n\n",
progname, partdesc);
list_parts(stderr, " ", part_list);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, "(These come from the config file \"%s\")\n", configfile);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
exit(1);
}
if (exitspecs != NULL) {
if (strcmp(pgm->type, "PPI") != 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: WARNING: -E option is only valid with \"PPI\" "
"programmer types\n",
progname);
exitspecs = NULL;
}
else if (getexitspecs(exitspecs, &ppisetbits, &ppiclrbits) < 0) {
usage();
exit(1);
}
}
/*
* set up seperate instances of the avr part, one for use in
* programming, one for use in verifying. These are separate
* because they need separate flash and eeprom buffer space
*/
p = avr_dup_part(p);
v = avr_dup_part(p);
if (strcmp(pgm->type, "PPI") == 0) {
verify_pin_assigned(PIN_AVR_RESET, "AVR RESET");
verify_pin_assigned(PIN_AVR_SCK, "AVR SCK");
verify_pin_assigned(PIN_AVR_MISO, "AVR MISO");
verify_pin_assigned(PIN_AVR_MOSI, "AVR MOSI");
}
/*
* open the programmer
*/
pgm->open(pgm, port);
if (verbose) {
avr_display(stderr, p, progbuf, verbose);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
pinconfig_display(progbuf);
}
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
exitrc = 0;
/*
* allow the programmer to save its state
*/
rc = pgm->save(pgm);
if (rc < 0) {
exitrc = 1;
ppidata = 0; /* clear all bits at exit */
goto main_exit;
}
if (strcmp(pgm->type, "PPI") == 0) {
pgm->ppidata &= ~ppiclrbits;
pgm->ppidata |= ppisetbits;
}
/*
* enable the programmer
*/
pgm->enable(pgm);
/*
* turn off all the status leds
*/
pgm->rdy_led(pgm, OFF);
pgm->err_led(pgm, OFF);
pgm->pgm_led(pgm, OFF);
pgm->vfy_led(pgm, OFF);
/*
* initialize the chip in preperation for accepting commands
*/
rc = pgm->initialize(pgm, p);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: initialization failed, rc=%d\n", progname, rc);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
/* indicate ready */
pgm->rdy_led(pgm, ON);
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions\n",
progname);
/*
* Let's read the signature bytes to make sure there is at least a
* chip on the other end that is responding correctly. A check
* against 0xffffffff should ensure that the signature bytes are
* valid.
*/
rc = avr_signature(pgm, p);
if (rc != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: error reading signature data, rc=%d\n",
progname, rc);
exit(1);
}
sig = avr_locate_mem(p, "signature");
if (sig == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: WARNING: signature data not defined for device \"%s\"\n",
progname, p->desc);
}
if (sig != NULL) {
int ff;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: Device signature = 0x", progname);
ff = 1;
for (i=0; i<sig->size; i++) {
fprintf(stderr, "%02x", sig->buf[i]);
if (sig->buf[i] != 0xff)
ff = 0;
}
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
if (ff) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Yikes! Invalid device signature.\n", progname);
if (!ovsigck) {
fprintf(stderr, "%sDouble check connections and try again, "
"or use -F to override\n"
"%sthis check.\n\n",
progbuf, progbuf);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
}
}
if (set_cycles != -1) {
rc = avr_get_cycle_count(pgm, p, &cycles);
if (rc == 0) {
/*
* only attempt to update the cycle counter if we can actually
* read the old value
*/
cycles = set_cycles;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: setting erase-rewrite cycle count to %d\n",
progname, cycles);
rc = avr_put_cycle_count(pgm, p, cycles);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: WARNING: failed to update the erase-rewrite cycle "
"counter\n",
progname);
}
}
}
if (erase) {
/*
* erase the chip's flash and eeprom memories, this is required
* before the chip can accept new programming
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: erasing chip\n", progname);
pgm->chip_erase(pgm, p);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: done.\n", progname);
}
else if (set_cycles == -1) {
/*
* The erase routine displays this same information, so don't
* repeat it if an erase was done. Also, don't display this if we
* set the cycle count (due to -Y).
*
* see if the cycle count in the last four bytes of eeprom seems
* reasonable
*/
rc = avr_get_cycle_count(pgm, p, &cycles);
if ((rc >= 0) && (cycles != 0xffffffff)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: current erase-rewrite cycle count is %d%s\n",
progname, cycles,
do_cycles ? "" : " (if being tracked)");
}
}
if (!terminal && ((inputf==NULL) && (outputf==NULL))) {
/*
* Check here to see if any other operations were selected and
* generate an error message because if they were, we need either
* an input or an output file, but one was not selected.
* Otherwise, we just shut down.
*/
if (readorwrite) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: you must specify an input or an output file\n",
progname);
exitrc = 1;
}
goto main_exit;
}
if (terminal) {
/*
* terminal mode
*/
exitrc = terminal_mode(pgm, p);
}
else if (doread) {
/*
* read out the specified device memory and write it to a file
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading %s memory:\n",
progname, memtype);
rc = avr_read(pgm, p, memtype, 0, 1);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to read all of %s memory, rc=%d\n",
progname, memtype, rc);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
size = rc;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: writing output file \"%s\"\n",
progname, outputf);
rc = fileio(FIO_WRITE, outputf, filefmt, p, memtype, size);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: terminating\n", progname);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
}
else {
/*
* write the selected device memory using data from a file; first
* read the data from the specified file
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading input file \"%s\"\n",
progname, inputf);
rc = fileio(FIO_READ, inputf, filefmt, p, memtype, -1);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: terminating\n", progname);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
size = rc;
/*
* write the buffer contents to the selected memory type
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: writing %s (%d bytes):\n",
progname, memtype, size);
if (!nowrite) {
rc = avr_write(pgm, p, memtype, size, 1);
}
else {
/*
* test mode, don't actually write to the chip, output the buffer
* to stdout in intel hex instead
*/
rc = fileio(FIO_WRITE, "-", FMT_IHEX, p, memtype, size);
}
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to write %s memory, rc=%d\n",
progname, memtype, rc);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
vsize = rc;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d bytes of %s written\n", progname,
vsize, memtype);
}
if (!doread && verify) {
/*
* verify that the in memory file (p->mem[AVR_M_FLASH|AVR_M_EEPROM])
* is the same as what is on the chip
*/
pgm->vfy_led(pgm, ON);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: verifying %s memory against %s:\n",
progname, memtype, inputf);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading on-chip %s data:\n",
progname, memtype);
rc = avr_read(pgm, v, memtype, vsize, 1);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to read all of %s memory, rc=%d\n",
progname, memtype, rc);
pgm->err_led(pgm, ON);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
fprintf(stderr, "%s: verifying ...\n", progname);
rc = avr_verify(p, v, memtype, vsize);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: verification error; content mismatch\n",
progname);
pgm->err_led(pgm, ON);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d bytes of %s verified\n",
progname, rc, memtype);
pgm->vfy_led(pgm, OFF);
}
main_exit:
/*
* program complete
*/
pgm->powerdown(pgm);
/*
* restore programmer state
*/
pgm->restore(pgm);
pgm->disable(pgm);
pgm->rdy_led(pgm, OFF);
pgm->close(pgm);
fprintf(stderr, "\n%s done. Thank you.\n\n", progname);
return exitrc;
}
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