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avrdude/src/buspirate.c

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/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
*
* avrdude support for The Bus Pirate - universal serial interface
*
* Copyright (C) 2009 Michal Ludvig <mludvig@logix.net.nz>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/*
* BusPirate AVR Chip
* --------- --------
* GND <-> GND
* +5V <-> Vcc
* CS <-> RESET
* SDO <-> SDO
* SDI <-> SDI
* SCL/CLK <-> SCK
* ( AUX <-> XTAL1 )
*
* Tested with BusPirate PTH, firmware version 2.1 programming ATmega328P
*/
/* $Id$ */
#include "ac_cfg.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "avrdude.h"
#include "libavrdude.h"
#include "bitbang.h"
#include "buspirate.h"
/* ====== Private data structure ====== */
/* CS and AUX pin bitmasks in
* 0100wxyz - Configure peripherals command */
#define BP_RESET_CS 0x01
#define BP_RESET_AUX 0x02
#define BP_RESET_AUX2 0x04
#define BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE (1<<0)
#define BP_FLAG_XPARM_FORCE_ASCII (1<<1)
#define BP_FLAG_XPARM_RESET (1<<2)
#define BP_FLAG_XPARM_SPIFREQ (1<<3)
#define BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDWRITE (1<<4)
#define BP_FLAG_XPARM_CPUFREQ (1<<5)
#define BP_FLAG_XPARM_RAWFREQ (1<<6)
#define BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDREAD (1<<7)
struct pdata
{
int binmode_version;
int submode_version;
int current_peripherals_config;
int spifreq; /* For "set speed" commands */
int cpufreq; /* (125)..4000 kHz - see buspirate manual */
int serial_recv_timeout; /* timeout in ms, default 100 */
int reset; /* See BP_RESET_* above */
unsigned char pin_dir; /* Last written pin direction for bitbang mode */
unsigned char pin_val; /* Last written pin values for bitbang mode */
int unread_bytes; /* How many bytes we expected, but ignored */
int flag;
};
#define PDATA(pgm) ((struct pdata *)(pgm->cookie))
/* ====== Feature checks ====== */
static inline int
buspirate_uses_ascii(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
return (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_FORCE_ASCII);
}
/* ====== Serial talker functions - binmode ====== */
static void dump_mem(const unsigned char *buf, size_t len)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i<len; i++) {
if (i % 8 == 0)
msg_debug("\t");
msg_debug("0x%02x ", buf[i]);
if (i % 8 == 3)
msg_debug(" ");
else if (i % 8 == 7)
msg_debug("\n");
}
if (i % 8 != 7)
msg_debug("\n");
}
static int buspirate_send_bin(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *data, size_t len) {
int rc;
pmsg_debug("buspirate_send_bin():\n");
dump_mem(data, len);
rc = serial_send(&pgm->fd, data, len);
return rc;
}
static int buspirate_recv_bin(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, unsigned char *buf, size_t len) {
int rc;
rc = serial_recv(&pgm->fd, buf, len);
if (rc < 0)
return EOF;
pmsg_debug("buspirate_recv_bin():\n");
dump_mem(buf, len);
return len;
}
static int buspirate_expect_bin(const PROGRAMMER *pgm,
unsigned char *send_data, size_t send_len,
unsigned char *expect_data, size_t expect_len)
{
unsigned char *recv_buf = alloca(expect_len);
if ((PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) == 0) {
pmsg_error("called from ascii mode\n");
return -1;
}
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, send_data, send_len);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, recv_buf, expect_len);
if (memcmp(expect_data, recv_buf, expect_len) != 0)
return 0;
return 1;
}
static int buspirate_expect_bin_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm,
unsigned char send_byte, unsigned char expect_byte)
{
return buspirate_expect_bin(pgm, &send_byte, 1, &expect_byte, 1);
}
/* ====== Serial talker functions - ascii mode ====== */
static int buspirate_getc(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
int rc;
unsigned char ch = 0;
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) {
pmsg_error("called from binmode\n");
return EOF;
}
rc = serial_recv(&pgm->fd, &ch, 1);
if (rc < 0)
return EOF;
return ch;
}
static char *buspirate_readline_noexit(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, char *buf, size_t len) {
char *buf_p;
int c;
long orig_serial_recv_timeout = serial_recv_timeout;
/* Static local buffer - this may come handy at times */
static char buf_local[100];
if (buf == NULL) {
buf = buf_local;
len = sizeof(buf_local);
}
buf_p = buf;
memset(buf, 0, len);
while (buf_p < (buf + len - 1)) { /* keep the very last byte == 0 */
*buf_p = c = buspirate_getc(pgm);
if (c == '\r')
continue;
if (c == '\n')
break;
if (c == EOF) {
*buf_p = '\0';
break;
}
buf_p++;
serial_recv_timeout = PDATA(pgm)->serial_recv_timeout;
}
serial_recv_timeout = orig_serial_recv_timeout;
pmsg_debug("buspirate_readline(): %s%s", buf, *buf && buf[strlen(buf)-1] == '\n'? "": "\n");
if (! buf[0])
return NULL;
return buf;
}
static char *buspirate_readline(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, char *buf, size_t len) {
char *ret;
ret = buspirate_readline_noexit(pgm, buf, len);
if (! ret) {
pmsg_error("programmer is not responding\n");
return NULL;
}
return ret;
}
static int buspirate_send(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *str) {
int rc;
const char * readline;
pmsg_debug("buspirate_send(): %s", str);
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) {
pmsg_error("called from binmode\n");
return -1;
}
rc = serial_send(&pgm->fd, (const unsigned char*)str, strlen(str));
if (rc)
return rc;
do {
readline = buspirate_readline(pgm, NULL, 0);
if (readline == NULL)
return -1;
/* keep reading until we get what we sent there */
} while (strcmp(readline, str) != 0);
/* by now we should be in sync */
return 0;
}
static int buspirate_is_prompt(const char *str)
{
int strlen_str = strlen(str);
/* Prompt ends with '>' or '> '
* all other input probably ends with '\n' */
return (str[strlen_str - 1] == '>' || str[strlen_str - 2] == '>');
}
static int buspirate_expect(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, char *send,
char *expect, int wait_for_prompt)
{
int got_it = 0;
size_t expect_len = strlen(expect);
char *rcvd;
buspirate_send(pgm, send);
while (1) {
rcvd = buspirate_readline(pgm, NULL, 0);
if (rcvd == NULL) {
return -1;
}
if (strncmp(rcvd, expect, expect_len) == 0) {
if (! wait_for_prompt) {
serial_drain(&pgm->fd, 0);
return 1;
} else {
got_it = 1;
}
}
if (buspirate_is_prompt(rcvd))
break;
}
return got_it;
}
/* ====== Do-nothing functions ====== */
static void buspirate_dummy_6(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *p) {
}
/* ====== Config / parameters handling functions ====== */
static int
buspirate_parseextparms(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const LISTID extparms) {
LNODEID ln;
const char *extended_param;
char reset[10];
char *preset = reset; /* for strtok() */
unsigned int spifreq;
unsigned int rawfreq;
unsigned int cpufreq;
int serial_recv_timeout;
for (ln = lfirst(extparms); ln; ln = lnext(ln)) {
extended_param = ldata(ln);
if (strcmp(extended_param, "ascii") == 0) {
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_XPARM_FORCE_ASCII;
continue;
}
if (sscanf(extended_param, "spifreq=%u", &spifreq) == 1) {
if (spifreq & (~0x07)) {
pmsg_error("spifreq must be between 0 and 7\n");
imsg_error("see BusPirate manual for details\n");
return -1;
}
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_RAWFREQ) {
pmsg_error("set either spifreq or rawfreq\n");
return -1;
}
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_XPARM_SPIFREQ;
PDATA(pgm)->spifreq = spifreq;
continue;
}
if (sscanf(extended_param, "rawfreq=%u", &rawfreq) == 1) {
if (rawfreq >= 4) {
pmsg_error("rawfreq must be between 0 and 3\n");
return -1;
}
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_SPIFREQ) {
pmsg_error("set either spifreq or rawfreq\n");
return -1;
}
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_XPARM_RAWFREQ;
PDATA(pgm)->spifreq = rawfreq;
continue;
}
if (sscanf(extended_param, "cpufreq=%u", &cpufreq) == 1) {
/* lower limit comes from 'cpufreq > 4 * spifreq', spifreq in ascii mode is 30kHz. */
if (cpufreq < 125 || cpufreq > 4000) {
pmsg_error("cpufreq must be between 125 and 4000 kHz\n");
imsg_error("see BusPirate manual for details\n");
return -1;
}
PDATA(pgm)->cpufreq = cpufreq;
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_XPARM_CPUFREQ;
continue;
}
if (sscanf(extended_param, "reset=%9s", reset) == 1) {
char *resetpin;
while ((resetpin = strtok(preset, ","))) {
preset = NULL; /* for subsequent strtok() calls */
if (strcasecmp(resetpin, "cs") == 0)
PDATA(pgm)->reset |= BP_RESET_CS;
else if (strcasecmp(resetpin, "aux") == 0 || strcasecmp(reset, "aux1") == 0)
PDATA(pgm)->reset |= BP_RESET_AUX;
else if (strcasecmp(resetpin, "aux2") == 0)
PDATA(pgm)->reset |= BP_RESET_AUX2;
else {
pmsg_error("reset must be either CS or AUX\n");
return -1;
}
}
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_XPARM_RESET;
continue;
}
if (strcmp(extended_param, "nopagedwrite") == 0) {
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDWRITE;
continue;
}
if (strcmp(extended_param, "nopagedread") == 0) {
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDREAD;
continue;
}
if (sscanf(extended_param, "serial_recv_timeout=%d", &serial_recv_timeout) == 1) {
if (serial_recv_timeout < 1) {
pmsg_error("serial_recv_timeout must be greater 0\n");
return -1;
}
PDATA(pgm)->serial_recv_timeout = serial_recv_timeout;
continue;
}
pmsg_error("do not understand extended param '%s'\n", extended_param);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int
buspirate_verifyconfig(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
/* Default reset pin is CS */
if (PDATA(pgm)->reset == 0x00)
PDATA(pgm)->reset |= BP_RESET_CS;
if ((PDATA(pgm)->reset != BP_RESET_CS) && buspirate_uses_ascii(pgm)) {
pmsg_error("RESET pin other than CS is not supported in ASCII mode\n");
return -1;
}
if ( ((PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_SPIFREQ) || (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_RAWFREQ))
&& buspirate_uses_ascii(pgm)) {
pmsg_error("SPI speed selection is not supported in ASCII mode\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/* ====== Programmer methods ======= */
static int buspirate_open(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *port) {
union pinfo pinfo;
/* BusPirate runs at 115200 by default */
if(pgm->baudrate == 0)
pgm->baudrate = 115200;
pinfo.serialinfo.baud = pgm->baudrate;
pinfo.serialinfo.cflags = SERIAL_8N1;
strcpy(pgm->port, port);
if (serial_open(port, pinfo, &pgm->fd)==-1) {
return -1;
}
/* drain any extraneous input */
serial_drain(&pgm->fd, 0);
return 0;
}
static void buspirate_close(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
serial_close(&pgm->fd);
pgm->fd.ifd = -1;
}
static void buspirate_reset_from_binmode(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
unsigned char buf[10];
buf[0] = 0x00; /* BinMode: revert to raw bitbang mode */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 5);
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_CPUFREQ) {
/* disable pwm */
if (buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, 0x13, 0x01) != 1) {
pmsg_error("did not get a response to stop PWM command\n");
}
}
/* 0b0100wxyz - Configure peripherals w=power, x=pull-ups, y=AUX, z=CS
* we want everything off -- 0b01000000 = 0x40 */
if (buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, 0x40, 0x00) == 1) {
pmsg_error("did not get a response to power off command\n");
}
buf[0] = 0x0F; /* BinMode: reset */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
/* read back all output */
memset(buf, '\0', sizeof(buf));
for (;;) {
int rc;
rc = buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
if (buspirate_is_prompt((const char*)buf)) {
PDATA(pgm)->flag &= ~BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE;
break;
}
if (rc == EOF)
break;
memset(buf, '\0', sizeof(buf));
}
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) {
pmsg_error("reset failed; you may need to powercycle it\n");
return;
}
msg_notice("BusPirate is back in text mode\n");
}
static int buspirate_start_mode_bin(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
struct submode {
const char *name; /* Name of mode for user messages */
char enter; /* Command to enter from base binary mode */
const char *entered_format; /* Response, for "scanf" */
char config; /* Command to setup submode parameters */
} submode;
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_RAWFREQ) {
submode.name = "Raw-wire";
submode.enter = 0x05;
submode.entered_format = "RAW%1d";
submode.config = 0x8C;
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDWRITE;
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDREAD;
} else {
submode.name = "SPI";
submode.enter = 0x01;
submode.entered_format = "SPI%1d";
/* 1000wxyz - SPI config, w=HiZ(0)/3.3v(1), x=CLK idle, y=CLK edge, z=SMP sample
* we want: 3.3V(1), idle low(0), data change on
* trailing edge (1), sample in the middle
* of the pulse (0)
* => 0b10001010 = 0x8a */
submode.config = 0x8A;
}
unsigned char buf[20] = { '\0' };
/* == Switch to binmode - send 20x '\0' == */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, sizeof(buf));
/* Expecting 'BBIOx' reply */
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 5);
if (sscanf((const char*)buf, "BBIO%1d", &PDATA(pgm)->binmode_version) != 1) {
pmsg_error("binary mode not confirmed: '%s'\n", buf);
buspirate_reset_from_binmode(pgm);
return -1;
}
msg_notice("BusPirate binmode version: %d\n",
PDATA(pgm)->binmode_version);
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE;
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_CPUFREQ) {
unsigned short pwm_duty;
unsigned short pwm_period;
pwm_period = 16000/(PDATA(pgm)->cpufreq) - 1; // oscillator runs at 32MHz, we don't use a prescaler
pwm_duty = pwm_period/2; // 50% duty cycle
msg_notice("setting up PWM for cpufreq\n");
msg_debug("PWM settings: Prescaler=1, Duty Cycle=%hd, Period=%hd\n", pwm_duty, pwm_period);
buf[0] = 0x12; // pwm setup
buf[1] = 0; // prescaler 1
buf[2] = (char) ((pwm_duty >> 8) & 0xff); // duty cycle register, high byte
buf[3] = (char) pwm_duty & 0xff; // duty cycle register, low byte
buf[4] = (char) ((pwm_period >> 8) & 0xff); // period register, high byte
buf[5] = (char) pwm_period & 0xff; // period register, low byte
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 6);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
if (buf[0] != 0x01)
pmsg_error("cpufreq (PWM) setup failed\n");
}
/* == Set protocol sub-mode of binary mode == */
buf[0] = submode.enter;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 4);
if (sscanf((const char*)buf, submode.entered_format, &PDATA(pgm)->submode_version) != 1) {
pmsg_error("%s mode not confirmed: '%s'\n", submode.name, buf);
buspirate_reset_from_binmode(pgm);
return -1;
}
msg_notice("BusPirate %s version: %d\n",
submode.name, PDATA(pgm)->submode_version);
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDWRITE) {
pmsg_notice("paged flash write disabled\n");
pgm->paged_write = NULL;
} else {
/* Check for write-then-read without !CS/CS and disable paged_write if absent: */
static const unsigned char buf2[] = {5,0,0,0,0};
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf2, sizeof(buf2));
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
if (buf[0] != 0x01) {
/* Disable paged write: */
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDWRITE;
pgm->paged_write = NULL;
/* Return to SPI mode (0x00s have landed us back in binary bitbang mode): */
buf[0] = 0x1;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
pmsg_notice("disabling paged flash write (need BusPirate firmware >= v5.10)\n");
/* Flush serial buffer: */
serial_drain(&pgm->fd, 0);
} else {
pmsg_info("paged flash write enabled\n");
}
}
/* 0b0100wxyz - Configure peripherals w=power, x=pull-ups/aux2, y=AUX, z=CS
* we want power (0x48) and all reset pins high. */
PDATA(pgm)->current_peripherals_config = 0x48 | PDATA(pgm)->reset;
if (buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, PDATA(pgm)->current_peripherals_config, 0x01) < 0)
return -1;
usleep(50000); // sleep for 50ms after power up
/* 01100xxx - Set speed */
if (buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, 0x60 | PDATA(pgm)->spifreq, 0x01) < 0)
return -1;
/* Submode config */
if (buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, submode.config, 0x01) < 0)
return -1;
/* AVR Extended Commands - test for existence */
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDREAD) {
pmsg_notice("paged flash read disabled\n");
pgm->paged_load = NULL;
} else {
int rv = buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, 0x06, 0x01);
if (rv < 0)
return -1;
if (rv) {
unsigned int ver = 0;
static const unsigned char buf2[] = {1};
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf2, sizeof(buf2));
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 3);
ver = buf[1] << 8 | buf[2];
msg_notice("AVR Extended Commands version %d\n", ver);
} else {
msg_notice("AVR Extended Commands not found\n");
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDREAD;
pgm->paged_load = NULL;
}
}
return 0;
}
static int buspirate_start_spi_mode_ascii(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
int spi_cmd = -1;
int cmd;
char *rcvd;
char buf[5];
char mode[11];
buspirate_send(pgm, "m\n");
while(1) {
rcvd = buspirate_readline(pgm, NULL, 0);
if (rcvd == NULL) {
return -1;
}
if (spi_cmd == -1 && sscanf(rcvd, "%2d. %10s", &cmd, mode)) {
if (strcmp(mode, "SPI") == 0)
spi_cmd = cmd;
}
if (buspirate_is_prompt(rcvd))
break;
}
if (spi_cmd == -1) {
pmsg_error("SPI mode number not found; does your BusPirate support SPI?\n");
imsg_error("try powercycling your BusPirate and try again\n");
return -1;
}
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d\n", spi_cmd);
buspirate_send(pgm, buf);
buf[0] = '\0';
while (1) {
rcvd = buspirate_readline(pgm, NULL, 0);
if (rcvd == NULL) {
return -1;
}
if (strstr(rcvd, "Normal (H=3.3V, L=GND)")) {
/* BP firmware 2.1 defaults to Open-drain output.
* That doesn't work on my board, even with pull-up
* resistors. Select 3.3V output mode instead. */
sscanf(rcvd, " %2d.", &cmd);
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d\n", cmd);
}
if (buspirate_is_prompt(rcvd)) {
if (strncmp(rcvd, "SPI>", 4) == 0) {
msg_info("BusPirate is now configured for SPI\n");
break;
}
/* Not yet 'SPI>' prompt */
if (buf[0]) {
buspirate_send(pgm, buf);
buf[0] = '\0';
} else
buspirate_send(pgm, "\n");
}
}
return 0;
}
static void buspirate_enable(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
static const char *reset_str = "#\n";
static const char *accept_str = "y\n";
char *rcvd;
int rc, print_banner = 0;
/* Ensure configuration is self-consistant: */
if (buspirate_verifyconfig(pgm)<0)
return; /* XXX should handle error */
/* Attempt to start binary SPI mode unless explicitly told otherwise: */
if (!buspirate_uses_ascii(pgm)) {
msg_info("attempting to initiate BusPirate binary mode ...\n");
/* Send two CRs to ensure we're not in a sub-menu of the UI if we're in ASCII mode: */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, (const unsigned char*)"\n\n", 2);
/* Clear input buffer: */
serial_drain(&pgm->fd, 0);
/* Attempt to enter binary mode: */
if (buspirate_start_mode_bin(pgm) >= 0)
return;
else
pmsg_info("unable to start binary mode, falling back to ASCII ...\n");
}
msg_info("attempting to initiate BusPirate ASCII mode ...\n");
/* Call buspirate_send_bin() instead of buspirate_send()
* because we don't know if BP is in text or bin mode */
rc = buspirate_send_bin(pgm, (const unsigned char*)reset_str, strlen(reset_str));
if (rc) {
pmsg_error("BusPirate is not responding; serial port error code %d\n", rc);
return;
}
while(1) {
rcvd = buspirate_readline_noexit(pgm, NULL, 0);
if (! rcvd) {
pmsg_error("programmer is not responding\n");
return;
}
if (strncmp(rcvd, "Are you sure?", 13) == 0) {
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, (const unsigned char*)accept_str, strlen(accept_str));
}
if (strncmp(rcvd, "RESET", 5) == 0) {
print_banner = 1;
continue;
}
if (buspirate_is_prompt(rcvd)) {
msg_debug("**\n");
break;
}
if (print_banner)
msg_debug("** %s", rcvd);
}
if (!(PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE)) {
msg_info("using ASCII mode\n");
if (buspirate_start_spi_mode_ascii(pgm) < 0) {
pmsg_error("unable to start ascii SPI mode\n");
return;
}
}
}
static void buspirate_disable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) {
serial_recv_timeout = 100;
buspirate_reset_from_binmode(pgm);
} else {
buspirate_expect(pgm, "#\n", "RESET", 1);
}
}
static int buspirate_initialize(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
pgm->powerup(pgm);
return pgm->program_enable(pgm, p);
}
static void buspirate_powerup(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) {
/* Powerup in BinMode is handled in binary mode init */
return;
} else {
if (buspirate_expect(pgm, "W\n", "POWER SUPPLIES ON", 1)) {
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_CPUFREQ) {
char buf[25];
int ok = 0;
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d\n", PDATA(pgm)->cpufreq);
if (buspirate_expect(pgm, "g\n", "Frequency in kHz", 1)) {
if (buspirate_expect(pgm, buf, "Duty cycle in %", 1)) {
if (buspirate_expect(pgm, "50\n", "PWM active", 1)) {
ok = 1;
}
}
}
if(!ok) {
pmsg_error("did not get a response to start PWM command\n");
}
}
return;
}
}
pmsg_warning("did not get a response to PowerUp command\n");
imsg_warning("trying to continue anyway ...\n");
}
static void buspirate_powerdown(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) {
/* Powerdown in BinMode is handled in binary mode init */
return;
} else {
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_XPARM_CPUFREQ) {
if (!buspirate_expect(pgm, "g\n", "PWM disabled", 1)) {
pmsg_error("did not get a response to stop PWM command\n");
}
}
if (buspirate_expect(pgm, "w\n", "POWER SUPPLIES OFF", 1))
return;
}
pmsg_error("did not get a response to PowerDown command\n");
}
static int buspirate_cmd_bin(const PROGRAMMER *pgm,
const unsigned char *cmd,
unsigned char *res)
{
/* 0001xxxx - Bulk transfer, send/read 1-16 bytes (0=1byte!)
* we are sending 4 bytes -> 0x13 */
int rv = buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, 0x13, 0x01);
if (rv < 0)
return -1;
if (rv == 0)
return -1;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, cmd, 4);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, res, 4);
return 0;
}
static int buspirate_cmd_ascii(const PROGRAMMER *pgm,
const unsigned char *cmd,
unsigned char *res)
{
char buf[25];
char *rcvd;
int i = 0;
unsigned int spi_write, spi_read;
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x 0x%02x\n",
cmd[0], cmd[1], cmd[2], cmd[3]);
buspirate_send(pgm, buf);
while (i < 4) {
rcvd = buspirate_readline(pgm, NULL, 0);
if (rcvd == NULL) {
return -1;
}
/* WRITE: 0xAC READ: 0x04 */
if (sscanf(rcvd, "WRITE: 0x%2x READ: 0x%2x", &spi_write, &spi_read) == 2) {
res[i++] = spi_read;
}
if (buspirate_is_prompt(rcvd))
break;
}
if (i != 4) {
pmsg_error("SPI has not read 4 bytes back\n");
return -1;
}
/* wait for prompt */
while (buspirate_getc(pgm) != '>')
/* do nothing */;
return 0;
}
static int buspirate_cmd(const PROGRAMMER *pgm,
const unsigned char *cmd,
unsigned char *res)
{
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE)
return buspirate_cmd_bin(pgm, cmd, res);
else
return buspirate_cmd_ascii(pgm, cmd, res);
}
/* Paged load function which utilizes the AVR Extended Commands set */
static int buspirate_paged_load(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int address, unsigned int n_bytes) {
unsigned char commandbuf[10];
unsigned char buf[275];
unsigned int addr = 0;
msg_notice("buspirate_paged_load(..,%s,%d,%d,%d)\n",m->desc,m->page_size,address,n_bytes);
// This should never happen, but still ...
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDREAD) {
pmsg_error("called while in nopagedread mode\n");
return -1;
}
// determine what type of memory to read, only flash is supported
if (strcmp(m->desc, "flash") != 0) {
return -1;
}
// send command to read data
commandbuf[0] = 6;
commandbuf[1] = 2;
// send start address (in WORDS, not bytes!)
commandbuf[2] = (address >> 1 >> 24) & 0xff;
commandbuf[3] = (address >> 1>> 16) & 0xff;
commandbuf[4] = (address >> 1 >> 8) & 0xff;
commandbuf[5] = (address >> 1) & 0xff;
// send number of bytes to fetch (in BYTES)
commandbuf[6] = (n_bytes >> 24) & 0xff;
commandbuf[7] = (n_bytes >> 16) & 0xff;
commandbuf[8] = (n_bytes >> 8) & 0xff;
commandbuf[9] = (n_bytes) & 0xff;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, commandbuf, 10);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
if (buf[0] != 0x01) {
pmsg_error("Paged Read command returned zero\n");
return -1;
}
for (addr = 0; addr < n_bytes; addr++) {
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, &m->buf[addr+address], 1);
}
return n_bytes;
}
/* Paged write function which utilizes the Bus Pirate's "Write then Read" binary SPI instruction */
static int buspirate_paged_write(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int base_addr, unsigned int n_data_bytes) {
int page, i;
int addr = base_addr;
int n_page_writes;
int this_page_size;
unsigned char cmd_buf[4096] = {'\0'};
unsigned char send_byte, recv_byte;
if (!(PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE)) {
/* Return if we are not in binary mode. */
return -1;
}
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_NOPAGEDWRITE) {
/* Return if we've nominated not to use paged writes. */
return -1;
}
if (page_size>1024) {
/* Page sizes greater than 1kB not yet supported. */
return -1;
}
if (strcmp(m->desc,"flash") != 0) {
/* Only flash memory currently supported. */
return -1;
}
/* pre-check opcodes */
if (m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_LO] == NULL) {
pmsg_error("AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_LO command not defined for %s\n", p->desc);
return -1;
}
if (m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_HI] == NULL) {
pmsg_error("AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_HI command not defined for %s\n", p->desc);
return -1;
}
/* Calculate total number of page writes needed: */
n_page_writes = n_data_bytes/page_size;
if (n_data_bytes%page_size >0)
n_page_writes++;
/* Ensure error LED is off: */
pgm->err_led(pgm, OFF);
/* Loop over pages: */
for (page=0; page<n_page_writes; page++) {
/* Determine bytes to write in this page: */
this_page_size = page_size;
if (page == n_page_writes-1)
this_page_size = n_data_bytes - page_size*page;
/* Set up command buffer: */
memset(cmd_buf, 0, 4*this_page_size);
for (i=0; i<this_page_size; i++) {
addr = base_addr + page*page_size + i;
if (i%2 == 0) {
avr_set_bits(m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_LO], &(cmd_buf[4*i]));
avr_set_addr(m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_LO], &(cmd_buf[4*i]), addr/2);
avr_set_input(m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_LO], &(cmd_buf[4*i]), m->buf[addr]);
} else {
avr_set_bits(m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_HI], &(cmd_buf[4*i]));
avr_set_addr(m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_HI], &(cmd_buf[4*i]), addr/2);
avr_set_input(m->op[AVR_OP_LOADPAGE_HI], &(cmd_buf[4*i]), m->buf[addr]);
}
}
/* 00000100 - Write then read */
send_byte = 0x05;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, &send_byte, 1);
/* Number of bytes to write: */
send_byte = (4*this_page_size)/0x100;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, &send_byte, 1); /* High byte */
send_byte = (4*this_page_size)%0x100;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, &send_byte, 1); /* Low byte */
/* Number of bytes to read: */
send_byte = 0x0;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, &send_byte, 1); /* High byte */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, &send_byte, 1); /* Low byte */
/* Set programming LED: */
pgm->pgm_led(pgm, ON);
/* Send command buffer: */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, cmd_buf, 4*this_page_size);
/* Check for write failure: */
if ((buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, &recv_byte, 1) == EOF) || (recv_byte != 0x01)) {
pmsg_error("write then read did not succeed\n");
pgm->pgm_led(pgm, OFF);
pgm->err_led(pgm, ON);
return -1;
}
/* Unset programming LED: */
pgm->pgm_led(pgm, OFF);
/* Write loaded page to flash: */
avr_write_page(pgm, p, m, addr);
}
return n_data_bytes;
}
static int buspirate_program_enable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char cmd[4];
unsigned char res[4];
if (PDATA(pgm)->flag & BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE) {
/* Clear configured reset pin(s): CS and/or AUX and/or AUX2 */
PDATA(pgm)->current_peripherals_config &= ~PDATA(pgm)->reset;
if (buspirate_expect_bin_byte(pgm, PDATA(pgm)->current_peripherals_config, 0x01) < 0)
return -1;
}
else
buspirate_expect(pgm, "{\n", "CS ENABLED", 1);
if (p->op[AVR_OP_PGM_ENABLE] == NULL) {
pmsg_error("program enable instruction not defined for part %s\n", p->desc);
return -1;
}
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_PGM_ENABLE], cmd);
pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
if (res[2] != cmd[1])
return -2;
return 0;
}
static int buspirate_chip_erase(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char cmd[4];
unsigned char res[4];
if (p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE] == NULL) {
pmsg_error("chip erase instruction not defined for part %s\n", p->desc);
return -1;
}
pgm->pgm_led(pgm, ON);
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE], cmd);
pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
usleep(p->chip_erase_delay);
pgm->initialize(pgm, p);
pgm->pgm_led(pgm, OFF);
return 0;
}
/* Interface - management */
static void buspirate_setup(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
/* Allocate private data */
if ((pgm->cookie = calloc(1, sizeof(struct pdata))) == 0) {
pmsg_error("out of memory allocating private data\n");
exit(1);
}
PDATA(pgm)->serial_recv_timeout = 100;
}
static void buspirate_teardown(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
free(pgm->cookie);
}
const char buspirate_desc[] = "Using the Bus Pirate's SPI interface for programming";
void buspirate_initpgm(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
strcpy(pgm->type, "BusPirate");
pgm->display = buspirate_dummy_6;
/* BusPirate itself related methods */
pgm->open = buspirate_open;
pgm->close = buspirate_close;
pgm->enable = buspirate_enable;
pgm->disable = buspirate_disable;
pgm->initialize = buspirate_initialize;
/* Chip related methods */
pgm->powerup = buspirate_powerup;
pgm->powerdown = buspirate_powerdown;
pgm->program_enable = buspirate_program_enable;
pgm->chip_erase = buspirate_chip_erase;
pgm->cmd = buspirate_cmd;
pgm->read_byte = avr_read_byte_default;
pgm->write_byte = avr_write_byte_default;
pgm->paged_write = buspirate_paged_write;
pgm->paged_load = buspirate_paged_load;
/* Support functions */
pgm->parseextparams = buspirate_parseextparms;
pgm->setup = buspirate_setup;
pgm->teardown = buspirate_teardown;
}
/* Bitbang support */
static void buspirate_bb_enable(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char buf[20] = { '\0' };
if (bitbang_check_prerequisites(pgm) < 0)
return; /* XXX should treat as error */
pmsg_error("attempting to initiate BusPirate bitbang binary mode ...\n");
/* Send two CRs to ensure we're not in a sub-menu of the UI if we're in ASCII mode: */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, (const unsigned char*)"\n\n", 2);
/* Clear input buffer: */
serial_drain(&pgm->fd, 0);
/* == Switch to binmode - send 20x '\0' == */
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, sizeof(buf));
/* Expecting 'BBIOx' reply */
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 5);
if (sscanf((char*)buf, "BBIO%1d", &PDATA(pgm)->binmode_version) != 1) {
pmsg_error("binary mode not confirmed: '%s'\n", buf);
buspirate_reset_from_binmode(pgm);
return;
}
msg_info("BusPirate binmode version: %d\n", PDATA(pgm)->binmode_version);
PDATA(pgm)->flag |= BP_FLAG_IN_BINMODE;
/* Set pin directions and an initial pin status (all high) */
PDATA(pgm)->pin_dir = 0x12; /* AUX, SDI input; everything else output */
buf[0] = PDATA(pgm)->pin_dir | 0x40;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
PDATA(pgm)->pin_val = 0x3f; /* PULLUP, AUX, SDO, CLK, SDI, CS high */
buf[0] = PDATA(pgm)->pin_val | 0x80;
buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1);
/* Done */
return;
}
/*
Direction:
010xxxxx
Input (1) or output (0):
AUX|SDO|CLK|SDI|CS
Output value:
1xxxxxxx
High (1) or low(0):
1|POWER|PULLUP|AUX|SDO|CLK|SDI|CS
Both respond with a byte with current status:
0|POWER|PULLUP|AUX|SDO|CLK|SDI|CS
*/
static int buspirate_bb_getpin(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, int pinfunc) {
unsigned char buf[10];
int pin, value = 0;
if(pinfunc < 0 || pinfunc >= N_PINS)
return -1;
pin = pgm->pinno[pinfunc];
if (pin & PIN_INVERSE) {
pin &= PIN_MASK;
value = 1;
}
if (pin < 1 || pin > 5)
return -1;
buf[0] = PDATA(pgm)->pin_dir | 0x40;
if (buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1) < 0)
return -1;
/* Read all of the previously-expected-but-unread bytes */
while (PDATA(pgm)->unread_bytes > 0) {
if (buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1) < 0)
return -1;
PDATA(pgm)->unread_bytes--;
}
/* Now read the actual response */
if (buspirate_recv_bin(pgm, buf, 1) < 0)
return -1;
if (buf[0] & (1 << (pin - 1)))
value ^= 1;
msg_debug("get pin %d = %d\n", pin, value);
return value;
}
static int buspirate_bb_setpin_internal(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, int pin, int value) {
unsigned char buf[10];
if (pin & PIN_INVERSE) {
value = !value;
pin &= PIN_MASK;
}
if ((pin < 1 || pin > 5) && (pin != 7)) // 7 is POWER
return -1;
msg_debug("set pin %d = %d\n", pin, value);
if (value)
PDATA(pgm)->pin_val |= (1 << (pin - 1));
else
PDATA(pgm)->pin_val &= ~(1 << (pin - 1));
buf[0] = PDATA(pgm)->pin_val | 0x80;
if (buspirate_send_bin(pgm, buf, 1) < 0)
return -1;
/* We'll get a byte back, but we don't need to read it now.
This is just a quick optimization that saves some USB
round trips, improving read times by a factor of 3. */
PDATA(pgm)->unread_bytes++;
return 0;
}
static int buspirate_bb_setpin(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, int pinfunc, int value) {
if(pinfunc < 0 || pinfunc >= N_PINS)
return -1;
return buspirate_bb_setpin_internal(pgm, pgm->pinno[pinfunc], value);
}
static int buspirate_bb_highpulsepin(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, int pinfunc) {
int ret;
ret = buspirate_bb_setpin(pgm, pinfunc, 1);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
return buspirate_bb_setpin(pgm, pinfunc, 0);
}
static void buspirate_bb_powerup(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
buspirate_bb_setpin_internal(pgm, 7, 1);
}
static void buspirate_bb_powerdown(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
buspirate_bb_setpin_internal(pgm, 7, 0);
}
const char buspirate_bb_desc[] = "Using the Bus Pirate's bitbang interface for programming";
void buspirate_bb_initpgm(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
strcpy(pgm->type, "BusPirate_BB");
pgm_fill_old_pins(pgm); // TODO to be removed if old pin data no longer needed
pgm->display = buspirate_dummy_6;
/* BusPirate itself related methods */
pgm->setup = buspirate_setup;
pgm->teardown = buspirate_teardown;
pgm->open = buspirate_open;
pgm->close = buspirate_close;
pgm->enable = buspirate_bb_enable;
pgm->disable = buspirate_disable;
/* Chip related methods */
pgm->initialize = bitbang_initialize;
pgm->rdy_led = bitbang_rdy_led;
pgm->err_led = bitbang_err_led;
pgm->pgm_led = bitbang_pgm_led;
pgm->vfy_led = bitbang_vfy_led;
pgm->program_enable = bitbang_program_enable;
pgm->chip_erase = bitbang_chip_erase;
pgm->cmd = bitbang_cmd;
pgm->cmd_tpi = bitbang_cmd_tpi;
pgm->powerup = buspirate_bb_powerup;
pgm->powerdown = buspirate_bb_powerdown;
pgm->setpin = buspirate_bb_setpin;
pgm->getpin = buspirate_bb_getpin;
pgm->highpulsepin = buspirate_bb_highpulsepin;
pgm->read_byte = avr_read_byte_default;
pgm->write_byte = avr_write_byte_default;
}
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