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avrdude/src/linuxspi.c

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/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
* Support for using spidev userspace drivers to communicate directly over SPI
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Kevin Cuzner <kevin@kevincuzner.com>
* Copyright (C) 2018 Ralf Ramsauer <ralf@vmexit.de>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*
* Support for inversion of reset pin, Tim Chilton 02/05/2014
* Review code, rebase to latest trunk, add linux/gpio.h support, Ralf Ramsauer 2018-09-07
*/
#include "ac_cfg.h"
#include "avrdude.h"
#include "libavrdude.h"
#include "linuxspi.h"
#if HAVE_LINUXSPI
/**
* Linux Kernel SPI Drivers
*
* Copyright (C) 2006 SWAPP
* Andrea Paterniani <a.paterniani@swapp-eng.it>
* Copyright (C) 2007 David Brownell (simplification, cleanup)
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*/
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/spi/spidev.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#define LINUXSPI "linuxspi"
/*
* Private data for this programmer.
*/
struct pdata {
int disable_no_cs;
};
#define PDATA(pgm) ((struct pdata *)(pgm->cookie))
static int fd_spidev, fd_gpiochip, fd_linehandle;
/**
* @brief Sends/receives a message in full duplex mode
* @return -1 on failure, otherwise number of bytes sent/received
*/
static int linuxspi_spi_duplex(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *tx, unsigned char *rx, int len) {
struct spi_ioc_transfer tr;
int ret;
tr = (struct spi_ioc_transfer) {
.tx_buf = (unsigned long)tx,
.rx_buf = (unsigned long)rx,
.len = len,
.delay_usecs = 1,
.speed_hz = 1.0 / pgm->bitclock,
.bits_per_word = 8,
};
errno = 0;
ret = ioctl(fd_spidev, SPI_IOC_MESSAGE(1), &tr);
if (ret != len) {
int ioctl_errno = errno;
msg_error("\n");
pmsg_error("unable to send SPI message");
if (ioctl_errno)
msg_error("%s", strerror(ioctl_errno));
msg_error("\n");
}
return ret == -1? -1: 0;
}
static void linuxspi_setup(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
pgm->cookie = cfg_malloc("linuxspi_setup()", sizeof(struct pdata));
}
static void linuxspi_teardown(PROGRAMMER* pgm) {
free(pgm->cookie);
}
static int linuxspi_reset_mcu(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, bool active) {
struct gpiohandle_data data;
int ret;
/*
* Set the reset state and keep it. The pin will be released and set back to
* its initial value, once the fd_gpiochip is closed.
*/
data.values[0] = active ^ !(pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & PIN_INVERSE);
ret = ioctl(fd_linehandle, GPIOHANDLE_SET_LINE_VALUES_IOCTL, &data);
#ifdef GPIO_V2_LINE_SET_VALUES_IOCTL
if (ret == -1) {
struct gpio_v2_line_values val;
val.mask = 1;
val.bits = active ^ !(pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & PIN_INVERSE);
ret = ioctl(fd_linehandle, GPIO_V2_LINE_SET_VALUES_IOCTL, &val);
}
#endif
if (ret == -1) {
ret = -errno;
pmsg_ext_error("unable to set GPIO line %d value: %s\n", pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & ~PIN_INVERSE, strerror(errno));
return ret;
}
return 0;
}
static int linuxspi_open(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *pt) {
const char *port_error =
"unknown port specification, "
"please use the format /dev/spidev:/dev/gpiochip[:resetno]\n";
char port_default[] = "/dev/spidev0.0:/dev/gpiochip0";
char *spidev, *gpiochip, *reset_pin;
char *port = cfg_strdup("linuxspi_open()", pt);
struct gpiohandle_request req;
int ret;
if (!strcmp(port, "unknown")) {
port = port_default;
}
spidev = strtok(port, ":");
if (!spidev) {
pmsg_error("%s", port_error);
return -1;
}
gpiochip = strtok(NULL, ":");
if (!gpiochip) {
pmsg_error("%s", port_error);
return -1;
}
/* optional: override reset pin in configuration */
reset_pin = strtok(NULL, ":");
if (reset_pin)
pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] = strtoul(reset_pin, NULL, 0);
strcpy(pgm->port, port);
fd_spidev = open(pgm->port, O_RDWR);
if (fd_spidev < 0) {
pmsg_ext_error("unable to open the spidev device %s: %s\n", pgm->port, strerror(errno));
return -1;
}
uint32_t mode = SPI_MODE_0;
if (!PDATA(pgm)->disable_no_cs)
mode |= SPI_NO_CS;
ret = ioctl(fd_spidev, SPI_IOC_WR_MODE32, &mode);
if (ret == -1) {
int ioctl_errno = errno;
pmsg_ext_error("unable to set SPI mode %02X on %s: %s\n", mode, spidev, strerror(errno));
if(ioctl_errno == EINVAL && !PDATA(pgm)->disable_no_cs)
pmsg_error("try -x disable_no_cs\n");
goto close_spidev;
}
fd_gpiochip = open(gpiochip, 0);
if (fd_gpiochip < 0) {
pmsg_ext_error("unable to open the gpiochip %s: %s\n", gpiochip, strerror(errno));
ret = -1;
goto close_spidev;
}
strcpy(req.consumer_label, progname);
req.lines = 1;
req.lineoffsets[0] = pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & ~PIN_INVERSE;
req.default_values[0] = !!(pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & PIN_INVERSE);
req.flags = GPIOHANDLE_REQUEST_OUTPUT;
ret = ioctl(fd_gpiochip, GPIO_GET_LINEHANDLE_IOCTL, &req);
if (ret != -1)
fd_linehandle = req.fd;
#ifdef GPIO_V2_GET_LINE_IOCTL
if (ret == -1) {
struct gpio_v2_line_request reqv2;
memset(&reqv2, 0, sizeof(reqv2));
reqv2.offsets[0] = pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & ~PIN_INVERSE;
strncpy(reqv2.consumer, progname, sizeof(reqv2.consumer) - 1);
reqv2.config.flags = GPIO_V2_LINE_FLAG_OUTPUT;
reqv2.config.num_attrs = 1;
reqv2.config.attrs[0].attr.id = GPIO_V2_LINE_ATTR_ID_OUTPUT_VALUES;
reqv2.config.attrs[0].attr.values = !!(pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & PIN_INVERSE);
reqv2.config.attrs[0].mask = 1;
reqv2.num_lines = 1;
ret = ioctl(fd_gpiochip, GPIO_V2_GET_LINE_IOCTL, &reqv2);
if (ret != -1)
fd_linehandle = reqv2.fd;
}
#endif
if (ret == -1) {
ret = -errno;
pmsg_ext_error("unable to get GPIO line %d. %s\n", pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & ~PIN_INVERSE, strerror(errno));
goto close_gpiochip;
}
ret = linuxspi_reset_mcu(pgm, true);
if (ret)
goto close_out;
if (pgm->baudrate != 0) {
pmsg_warning("obsolete use of -b <clock> option for bit clock; use -B <clock>\n");
pgm->bitclock = 1.0 / pgm->baudrate;
}
if (pgm->bitclock == 0) {
pmsg_notice("defaulting bit clock to 200 kHz\n");
pgm->bitclock = 5E-6; // 200 kHz - 5 µs
}
return 0;
close_out:
close(fd_linehandle);
close_gpiochip:
close(fd_gpiochip);
close_spidev:
close(fd_spidev);
return ret;
}
static void linuxspi_close(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
switch (pgm->exit_reset) {
case EXIT_RESET_ENABLED:
linuxspi_reset_mcu(pgm, true);
break;
case EXIT_RESET_DISABLED:
linuxspi_reset_mcu(pgm, false);
break;
default:
break;
}
close(fd_linehandle);
close(fd_spidev);
close(fd_gpiochip);
}
static void linuxspi_disable(const PROGRAMMER* pgm) {
}
static void linuxspi_enable(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
}
static void linuxspi_display(const PROGRAMMER* pgm, const char* p) {
}
static int linuxspi_initialize(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
int tries, ret;
if (p->prog_modes & PM_TPI) {
/* We do not support TPI. This is a dedicated SPI thing */
pmsg_error("programmer " LINUXSPI " does not support TPI\n");
return -1;
}
//enable programming on the part
tries = 0;
do
{
ret = pgm->program_enable(pgm, p);
if (ret == 0 || ret == -1)
break;
} while(tries++ < 65);
if (ret)
pmsg_error("AVR device not responding\n");
return ret;
}
static int linuxspi_cmd(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *cmd, unsigned char *res)
{
return linuxspi_spi_duplex(pgm, cmd, res, 4);
}
static int linuxspi_program_enable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char cmd[4], res[4];
if (!p->op[AVR_OP_PGM_ENABLE]) {
pmsg_error("program enable instruction not defined for part %s\n", p->desc);
return -1;
}
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_PGM_ENABLE], cmd); //set the cmd
pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
if (res[2] != cmd[1]) {
/*
* From ATtiny441 datasheet:
*
* In some systems, the programmer can not guarantee that SCK is held low
* during power-up. In this case, RESET must be given a positive pulse after
* SCK has been set to '0'. The duration of the pulse must be at least t RST
* plus two CPU clock cycles. See Table 25-5 on page 240 for definition of
* minimum pulse width on RESET pin, t RST
* 2. Wait for at least 20 ms and then enable serial programming by sending
* the Programming Enable serial instruction to the MOSI pin
* 3. The serial programming instructions will not work if the communication
* is out of synchronization. When in sync, the second byte (0x53) will echo
* back when issuing the third byte of the Programming Enable instruction
* ...
* If the 0x53 did not echo back, give RESET a positive pulse and issue a
* new Programming Enable command
*/
if (linuxspi_reset_mcu(pgm, false))
return -1;
usleep(5);
if (linuxspi_reset_mcu(pgm, true))
return -1;
usleep(20000);
return -2;
}
return 0;
}
static int linuxspi_chip_erase(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char cmd[4], res[4];
if (!p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE]) {
pmsg_error("chip erase instruction not defined for part %s\n", p->desc);
return -1;
}
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE], cmd);
pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
usleep(p->chip_erase_delay);
pgm->initialize(pgm, p);
return 0;
}
static int linuxspi_parseexitspecs(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *sp) {
char *cp, *s, *str = cfg_strdup("linuxspi_parseextitspecs()", sp);
s = str;
while ((cp = strtok(s, ","))) {
s = NULL;
if (!strcmp(cp, "reset")) {
pgm->exit_reset = EXIT_RESET_ENABLED;
continue;
}
if (!strcmp(cp, "noreset")) {
pgm->exit_reset = EXIT_RESET_DISABLED;
continue;
}
free(str);
return -1;
}
free(str);
return 0;
}
static int linuxspi_parseextparams(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const LISTID extparms) {
LNODEID ln;
const char *extended_param;
int rc = 0;
for (ln = lfirst(extparms); ln; ln = lnext(ln)) {
extended_param = ldata(ln);
if (strcmp(extended_param, "disable_no_cs") == 0) {
PDATA(pgm)->disable_no_cs = 1;
continue;
}
pmsg_error("invalid extended parameter '%s'\n", extended_param);
rc = -1;
}
return rc;
}
void linuxspi_initpgm(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
strcpy(pgm->type, LINUXSPI);
pgm_fill_old_pins(pgm); // TODO to be removed if old pin data no longer needed
/* mandatory functions */
pgm->initialize = linuxspi_initialize;
pgm->display = linuxspi_display;
pgm->enable = linuxspi_enable;
pgm->disable = linuxspi_disable;
pgm->program_enable = linuxspi_program_enable;
pgm->chip_erase = linuxspi_chip_erase;
pgm->cmd = linuxspi_cmd;
pgm->open = linuxspi_open;
pgm->close = linuxspi_close;
pgm->read_byte = avr_read_byte_default;
pgm->write_byte = avr_write_byte_default;
/* optional functions */
pgm->setup = linuxspi_setup;
pgm->teardown = linuxspi_teardown;
pgm->parseexitspecs = linuxspi_parseexitspecs;
pgm->parseextparams = linuxspi_parseextparams;
}
const char linuxspi_desc[] = "SPI using Linux spidev driver";
#else /* !HAVE_LINUXSPI */
void linuxspi_initpgm(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
pmsg_error("Linux SPI driver not available in this configuration\n");
}
const char linuxspi_desc[] = "SPI using Linux spidev driver (not available)";
#endif /* HAVE_LINUXSPI */
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