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avrdude
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avrdude/main.c

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/*
* Copyright 2000 Brian S. Dean <bsd@bsdhome.com>
* All Rights Reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BRIAN S. DEAN ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL BRIAN S. DEAN BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
* CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
* OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
* BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
* USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
* DAMAGE.
*
*/
/* $Id$ */
/*
* Code to program an Atmel AVR AT90S device using the parallel port.
*
* Make the following (minimal) connections:
*
* Parallel Port Programmer Function
* ------------- -----------------------------
* Pins 2-5 -> Vcc (see note below)
* Pin 7 -> AVR /RESET
* Pin 8 -> AVR SCK (clock input)
* Pin 9 -> AVR MOSI (instruction in)
* Pin 10 <- AVR MISO (data out)
* Pin 18 Signal Ground
*
* Additionally, the following conntections can be made to enable
* additional features:
*
* Parallel Port Programmer Function
* ------------- -----------------------------
* Pin 1 STATUS LED, active low (program or verify error)
* Pin 6 -> /ENABLE ('367 bus driver)
* Pin 14 STATUS LED, active low (ready)
* Pin 16 STATUS LED, active low (programming)
* Pin 17 STATUS LED, active low (verifying)
*
* Pin 6 can be tied to the enable line of a 74HC367 in order to
* isolate and buffer the data to and from the PC parallel port.
* This is useful for connecting to a device in-circuit, and keeps
* the state of the parallel port pins from interfering with the
* normal operation of the target system. When programming is
* complete, this pin is driven high, causing to pins of the '367 to
* float.
*
* NOTE on Vcc connection: make sure your parallel port can supply an
* adequate amount of current to power your device. 6-10 mA per pin
* is common for parallel port signal lines, but is not guaranteed,
* especially for notebook computers. For additional power, use
* multiple pins tied together with Schottky diodes. If in doubt,
* don't risk damaging your parallel port, use an external power
* supply.
*
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "avr.h"
#include "fileio.h"
#include "pindefs.h"
#include "ppi.h"
#include "term.h"
#define DEFAULT_PARALLEL "/dev/ppi0"
char * version = "1.1";
char * progname;
char progbuf[PATH_MAX]; /* temporary buffer of spaces the same
length as progname; used for lining up
multiline messages */
/*
* usage message
*/
void usage ( void )
{
fprintf(stderr,
"Usage: %s -p partno [-e] [-E exitspec[,exitspec]] [-f format] [-F]\n"
" %s[-i filename] [-m memtype] [-o filename] [-P parallel] [-t]\n\n",
progname, progbuf);
}
/*
* parse the -E string
*/
int getexitspecs ( char *s, int *set, int *clr )
{
char *cp;
while ((cp = strtok(s, ","))) {
if (strcmp(cp, "reset") == 0) {
*clr |= ppi_getpinmask(PIN_AVR_RESET);
}
else if (strcmp(cp, "noreset") == 0) {
*set |= ppi_getpinmask(PIN_AVR_RESET);
}
else if (strcmp(cp, "vcc") == 0) {
*set |= PPI_AVR_VCC;
}
else if (strcmp(cp, "novcc") == 0) {
*clr |= PPI_AVR_VCC;
}
else {
return -1;
}
s = 0; /* strtok() should be called with the actual string only once */
}
return 0;
}
/*
* main routine
*/
int main ( int argc, char * argv [] )
{
int fd; /* file descriptor for parallel port */
int rc; /* general return code checking */
int exitrc; /* exit code for main() */
int i; /* general loop counter */
int ch; /* options flag */
int size; /* size of memory region */
int len; /* length for various strings */
unsigned char sig[4]; /* AVR signature bytes */
unsigned char nulldev[4]; /* 0xff signature bytes for comparison */
struct avrpart * p, ap1; /* which avr part we are programming */
struct avrpart * v, ap2; /* used for verify */
int readorwrite; /* true if a chip read/write op was selected */
int ppidata; /* cached value of the ppi data register */
int vsize=-1; /* number of bytes to verify */
/* options / operating mode variables */
int memtype; /* AVR_FLASH or AVR_EEPROM */
int doread; /* 0=reading, 1=writing */
int erase; /* 1=erase chip, 0=don't */
char * outputf; /* output file name */
char * inputf; /* input file name */
int ovsigck; /* 1=override sig check, 0=don't */
char * parallel; /* parallel port device */
int terminal; /* 1=enter terminal mode, 0=don't */
FILEFMT filefmt; /* FMT_AUTO, FMT_IHEX, FMT_SREC, FMT_RBIN */
int nowrite; /* don't actually write anything to the chip */
int verify; /* perform a verify operation */
int ppisetbits; /* bits to set in ppi data register at exit */
int ppiclrbits; /* bits to clear in ppi data register at exit */
readorwrite = 0;
parallel = DEFAULT_PARALLEL;
outputf = NULL;
inputf = NULL;
doread = 1;
memtype = AVR_FLASH;
erase = 0;
p = NULL;
ovsigck = 0;
terminal = 0;
filefmt = FMT_AUTO;
nowrite = 0;
verify = 1; /* on by default; XXX can't turn it off */
ppisetbits = ppiclrbits = 0;
progname = rindex(argv[0],'/');
if (progname)
progname++;
else
progname = argv[0];
len = strlen(progname) + 2;
for (i=0; i<len; i++)
progbuf[i] = ' ';
progbuf[i] = 0;
/*
* Print out an identifying string so folks can tell what version
* they are running
*/
fprintf(stderr, "\n%s: Copyright 2000 Brian Dean, bsd@bsdhome.com\n"
"%sVersion %s\n\n", progname, progbuf, version);
/*
* check for no arguments
*/
if (argc == 1) {
usage();
return 0;
}
/*
* process command line arguments
*/
while ((ch = getopt(argc,argv,"?eE:f:Fi:m:no:p:P:tv")) != -1) {
switch (ch) {
case 'm': /* select memory type to operate on */
if ((strcasecmp(optarg,"e")==0)||(strcasecmp(optarg,"eeprom")==0)) {
memtype = AVR_EEPROM;
}
else if ((strcasecmp(optarg,"f")==0)||
(strcasecmp(optarg,"flash")==0)) {
memtype = AVR_FLASH;
}
else {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid memory type \"%s\"\n\n",
progname, optarg);
usage();
exit(1);
}
readorwrite = 1;
break;
case 'F': /* override invalid signature check */
ovsigck = 1;
break;
case 'n':
nowrite = 1;
break;
case 'o': /* specify output file */
if (inputf || terminal) {
fprintf(stderr,"%s: -i, -o, and -t are incompatible\n\n", progname);
return 1;
}
doread = 1;
outputf = optarg;
if (filefmt == FMT_AUTO)
filefmt = FMT_RBIN;
break;
case 'p' : /* specify AVR part */
p = avr_find_part(optarg);
if (p == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: AVR Part \"%s\" not found. Valid parts are:\n\n",
progname, optarg );
avr_list_parts(stderr," ");
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
return 1;
}
break;
case 'e': /* perform a chip erase */
erase = 1;
break;
case 'E':
if (getexitspecs(optarg, &ppisetbits, &ppiclrbits) < 0) {
usage();
exit(1);
}
break;
case 'i': /* specify input file */
if (outputf || terminal) {
fprintf(stderr,"%s: -o, -i, and -t are incompatible\n\n", progname);
return 1;
}
doread = 0;
inputf = optarg;
break;
case 'f': /* specify file format */
if (strlen(optarg) != 1) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid file format \"%s\"\n",
progname, optarg);
usage();
exit(1);
}
switch (optarg[0]) {
case 'a' : filefmt = FMT_AUTO; break;
case 'i' : filefmt = FMT_IHEX; break;
case 'r' : filefmt = FMT_RBIN; break;
case 's' :
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Motorola S-Record format not yet supported\n\n",
progname);
exit(1);
break;
default :
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid file format \"%s\"\n\n",
progname, optarg);
usage();
exit(1);
}
break;
case 't': /* enter terminal mode */
if (!((inputf == NULL)||(outputf == NULL))) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: terminal mode is not compatible with -i or -o\n\n",
progname);
usage();
exit(1);
}
terminal = 1;
break;
case 'P':
parallel = optarg;
break;
case 'v':
verify = 1;
break;
case '?': /* help */
usage();
exit(0);
break;
default:
fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid option -%c\n\n", progname, ch);
usage();
exit(1);
break;
}
}
if (p == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: No AVR part has been specified, use \"-p Part\"\n\n"
" Valid Parts are:\n\n",
progname );
avr_list_parts(stderr, " ");
fprintf(stderr,"\n");
return 1;
}
/*
* set up seperate instances of the avr part, one for use in
* programming, one for use in verifying. These are separate
* because they need separate flash and eeprom buffer space
*/
ap1 = *p;
v = p;
p = &ap1;
ap2 = *v;
v = &ap2;
avr_initmem(p);
avr_initmem(v);
avr_display(stderr, p, progbuf);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
/*
* open the parallel port
*/
fd = open ( parallel, O_RDWR );
if (fd < 0) {
fprintf ( stderr, "%s: can't open device \"%s\": %s\n\n",
progname, parallel, strerror(errno) );
return 1;
}
exitrc = 0;
#if 0
ppi_sense(fd);
#endif
ppidata = ppi_getall(fd, PPIDATA);
if (ppidata < 0) {
fprintf ( stderr, "%s: error reading status of ppi data port\n", progname);
exitrc = 1;
ppidata = 0; /* clear all bits at exit */
goto main_exit;
}
ppidata &= ~ppiclrbits;
ppidata |= ppisetbits;
/*
* turn off all the status leds
*/
LED_OFF(fd, PIN_LED_RDY);
LED_OFF(fd, PIN_LED_ERR);
LED_OFF(fd, PIN_LED_PGM);
LED_OFF(fd, PIN_LED_VFY);
/*
* enable the 74367 buffer, if connected; this signal is active low
*/
ppi_setpin(fd, PIN_AVR_BUFF, 0);
/*
* initialize the chip in preperation for accepting commands
*/
rc = avr_initialize(fd,p);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf ( stderr, "%s: initialization failed, rc=%d\n", progname, rc );
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
/* indicate ready */
LED_ON(fd, PIN_LED_RDY);
fprintf ( stderr,
"%s: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions\n",
progname );
/*
* Let's read the signature bytes to make sure there is at least a
* chip on the other end that is responding correctly. A check
* against 0xffffffff should ensure that the signature bytes are
* valid.
*/
avr_signature(fd, sig);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: Device signature = 0x", progname);
for (i=0; i<4; i++)
fprintf(stderr, "%02x", sig[i]);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
memset(nulldev,0xff,4);
if (memcmp(sig,nulldev,4)==0) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Yikes! Invalid device signature.\n", progname);
if (!ovsigck) {
fprintf(stderr, "%sDouble check connections and try again, "
"or use -F to override\n"
"%sthis check.\n\n",
progbuf, progbuf );
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
}
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
if (erase) {
/*
* erase the chip's flash and eeprom memories, this is required
* before the chip can accept new programming
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: erasing chip\n", progname );
avr_chip_erase(fd,p);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: done.\n", progname );
}
if (!terminal && ((inputf==NULL) && (outputf==NULL))) {
/*
* Check here to see if any other operations were selected and
* generate an error message because if they were, we need either
* an input or and output file, but one was not selected.
* Otherwise, we just shut down.
*/
if (readorwrite) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: you must specify an input or an output file\n",
progname);
exitrc = 1;
}
goto main_exit;
}
if (terminal) {
/*
* terminal mode
*/
exitrc = terminal_mode(fd, p);
}
else if (doread) {
/*
* read out the specified device memory and write it to a file
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading %s memory:\n",
progname, avr_memtstr(memtype));
rc = avr_read ( fd, p, memtype );
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to read all of %s memory, rc=%d\n",
progname, avr_memtstr(memtype), rc);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
size = rc;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: writing output file \"%s\"\n",
progname, outputf);
rc = fileio(FIO_WRITE, outputf, filefmt, p, memtype, size);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: terminating\n", progname);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
}
else {
/*
* write the selected device memory using data from a file; first
* read the data from the specified file
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading input file \"%s\"\n",
progname, inputf);
rc = fileio(FIO_READ, inputf, filefmt, p, memtype, -1);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: terminating\n", progname);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
size = rc;
/*
* write the buffer contents to the selected memory type
*/
fprintf(stderr, "%s: writing %s:\n",
progname, avr_memtstr(memtype));
if (!nowrite) {
rc = avr_write ( fd, p, memtype, size );
}
else {
/*
* test mode, don't actually write to the chip, output the buffer
* to stdout in intel hex instead
*/
rc = fileio(FIO_WRITE, "-", FMT_IHEX, p, memtype, size);
}
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf ( stderr, "%s: failed to write flash memory, rc=%d\n",
progname, rc );
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
vsize = rc;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d bytes of %s written\n", progname,
vsize, avr_memtstr(memtype));
}
if (!doread && verify) {
/*
* verify that the in memory file (p->flash or p->eeprom) is the
* same as what is on the chip
*/
LED_ON(fd, PIN_LED_VFY);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: verifying %s memory against %s:\n",
progname, avr_memtstr(memtype), inputf);
fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading on-chip %s data:\n",
progname, avr_memtstr(memtype));
rc = avr_read ( fd, v, memtype );
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed to read all of %s memory, rc=%d\n",
progname, avr_memtstr(memtype), rc);
LED_ON(fd, PIN_LED_ERR);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
fprintf(stderr, "%s: verifying ...\n", progname);
rc = avr_verify(p, v, memtype, vsize);
if (rc < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: verification error; content mismatch\n",
progname);
LED_ON(fd, PIN_LED_ERR);
exitrc = 1;
goto main_exit;
}
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d bytes of %s verified\n",
progname, rc, avr_memtstr(memtype));
LED_OFF(fd, PIN_LED_VFY);
}
main_exit:
/*
* program complete
*/
avr_powerdown(fd);
ppi_setall(fd, PPIDATA, ppidata);
/*
* disable the 74367 buffer, if connected; this signal is active low
*/
ppi_setpin(fd, PIN_AVR_BUFF, 1);
close(fd);
fprintf(stderr, "\n%s done. Thank you.\n\n", progname);
return exitrc;
}
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