1296 lines
37 KiB
Plaintext
1296 lines
37 KiB
Plaintext
%% -*-texinfo-*-
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\input texinfo
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@c $Id$
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@setfilename avrdude.info
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@settitle AVRDUDE
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@include version.texi
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@c
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@c These are set in version.texi which is automatically generated by automake.
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@c
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@c @set UPDATED 26 Febuary 2003
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@c @set EDITION 3.2.0
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@c @set VERSION 3.2.0
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@c This is a dir.info fragment to support semi-automated addition of
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@c manuals to an info tree.
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@dircategory AVR Programming & development tools.
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@direntry
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* AvrDude: (avrdude). AVR program downloader/uploader.
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@end direntry
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@ifinfo
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This file documents the avrdude program.
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For avrdude version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}.
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Copyright @copyright{} 2003 Brian Dean
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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are preserved on all copies.
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@ignore
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Permission is granted to process this file through TeX and print the
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results, provided the printed document carries copying permission
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notice identical to this one except for the removal of this paragraph
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(this paragraph not being relevant to the printed manual).
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@end ignore
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
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resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
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notice identical to this one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
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into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
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except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
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by the Free Software Foundation.
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@end ifinfo
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@titlepage
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@title AVRDUDE
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@subtitle A program for download/uploading AVR microcontroller flash and eeprom.
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@subtitle For AVRDUDE, Version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}.
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@author by Brian S. Dean
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@page
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@hfill (Send bugs and comments on AVRDUDE to @w{@email{avrdude-dev@@nongnu.org}}.)
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@vfill
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Copyright @copyright{} 2003 Brian S. Dean
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@sp 2
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Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
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are preserved on all copies.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
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manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the entire
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resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission
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notice identical to this one.
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Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual
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into another language, under the above conditions for modified versions,
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except that this permission notice may be stated in a translation approved
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by the Free Software Foundation.
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@end titlepage
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@contents
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@c
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@c Top Node
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@c
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@node Top, Introduction, (dir), (dir)
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@comment node-name, next, previous, up
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@ifinfo
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This file documents the avrdude program for downloading/uploading
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programs to Atmel AVR microcontrollers.
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For avrdude version @value{VERSION}, @value{UPDATED}.
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@end ifinfo
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@menu
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* Introduction::
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* Command Line Options::
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* Terminal Mode Operation::
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* Configuration File::
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* Platform Dependent Information::
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@end menu
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@c
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@c Node
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@c
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@node Introduction, Command Line Options, Top, Top
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@comment node-name, next, previous, up
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@chapter Introduction
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@cindex introduction
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AVRDUDE - AVR Downloader Uploader - is a program for downloading and
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uploading the on-chip memories of Atmel's AVR microcontrollers. It can
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program the Flash and EEPROM, and where supported by the serial
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programming protocol, it can program fuse and lock bits. AVRDUDE also
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supplies a direct instruction mode allowing one to issue any programming
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instruction to the AVR chip regardless of whether AVRDUDE implements
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that specific feature of a particular chip.
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AVRDUDE can be used effectively via the command line to read or write
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all chip memory types (eeprom, flash, fuse bits, lock bits, signature
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bytes) or via an interactive (terminal) mode. Using AVRDUDE from the
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command line works well for programming the entire memory of the chip
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from the contents of a file, while interactive mode is useful for
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exploring memory contents, modifing individual bytes of eeprom,
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programming fuse/lock bits, etc.
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AVRDUDE supports two basic programmer types: Atmel's STK500 and the PPI
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(parallel port interface). PPI represents a class of simple programmers
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where the programming lines are directly connected to the PC parallel
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port, while the STK500 uses the serial port to communicate with the PC
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and contains on-board logic to control the programming of the target
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device. Several pin configurations exist for several variations of the
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PPI programmers, and AVRDUDE can be be configured to work with them by
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either specifying the appropriate programmer on the command line or by
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creating a new entry in its configuration file. All that's usually
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required for a new entry is to tell AVRDUDE which pins to use for each
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programming function.
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@menu
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* History::
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@end menu
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@c
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@c Node
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@c
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@node History, , Introduction, Introduction
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@section History
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AVRDUDE was written by Brian S. Dean under the name of AVRPROG to run on
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the FreeBSD Operating System. Brian renamed the software to be called
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AVRDUDE when interest grew in a Windows port of the software so that the
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name did not conflict with AVRPROG.EXE which is the name of Atmel's
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Windows programming software.
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The AVRDUDE source now resides in the public CVS repository on
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savannah.gnu.org (@url{http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/avrdude/}),
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where it continues to be enhanced and ported to other systems. In
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addition to FreeBSD, AVRDUDE now runs on Linux and Windows. The
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developers behind the porting effort primarily were Ted Roth, Eric
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Weddington, and Joerg Wunsch.
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And in the spirit of many open source projects, this manual also draws
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on the work of others. The initial revision was composed of parts of
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the original Unix manual page written by Joerg Wunsch, the original web
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site documentation by Brian Dean, and from the comments describing the
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fields in the AVRDUDE configuration file by Brian Dean. The texi
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formatting was modeled after that of the Simulavr documentation by Ted
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Roth.
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@c
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@c Node
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@c
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@node Command Line Options, Terminal Mode Operation, Introduction, Top
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@chapter Command Line Options
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@cindex options
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@menu
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* Option Descriptions::
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* Example Command Line Invocations::
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@end menu
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@c
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@c Node
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@c
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@node Option Descriptions, Example Command Line Invocations, Command Line Options, Command Line Options
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@section Option Descriptions
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@noindent
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AVRDUDE is a command line tool, used as follows:
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@example
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avrdude -p partno @var{options} @dots{}
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@end example
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@noindent
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Command line options are used to control AVRDUDE's behaviour. The
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following options are recognized:
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@table @code
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@item -p @var{partno}
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This is the only mandatory option and it tells AVRDUDE what type of part
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(MCU) that is connected to the programmer. The @var{partno} parameter
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is the part's id listed in the configuration file. Specify -p ? to list
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all parts in the configuration file. If a part is unknown
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to AVRDUDE, it means that there is no config file entry for that part,
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but it can be added to the configuration file if you have the Atmel
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datasheet so that you can enter the programming specifications.
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Currently, the following MCU types are understood:
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@table @code
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@itemx t15
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ATtiny15
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@itemx 1200
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AT90S1200
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@itemx 2313
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AT90S2313
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@itemx 2333
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AT90S2333
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@itemx 2343
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AT90S2343 (*)
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@itemx 4414
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AT90S4414
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@itemx 4433
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AT90S4433
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@itemx 4434
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AT90S4434
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@itemx 8515
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AT90S8515
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@itemx 8535
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AT90S8535
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@itemx m163
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ATMEGA163
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@itemx m169
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ATMEGA169
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@itemx m128
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ATMEGA128
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@itemx m103
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ATMEGA103
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@itemx m16
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ATMEGA16
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@itemx m8
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ATMEGA8
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@end table
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(*) The AT90S2323 uses the same algorithm.
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@item -c @var{programmer-id}
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Specify the programmer to be used. AVRDUDE knows about several common
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programmers. Use this option to specify which one to use. The
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@var{programmer-id} parameter is the programmer's id listed in the
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configuration file. Specify -c ? to list all programmers in the
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configuration file. If you have a programmer that is unknown to
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AVRDUDE, and the programmer is controlled via the PC parallel port,
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there's a good chance that it can be easily added to the configuration
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file without any code changes to AVRDUDE. Simply copy an existing entry
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and change the pin definitions to match that of the unknown programmer.
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@item -C @var{config-file}
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Use the specified config file for configuration data. This file
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contains all programmer and part definitions that AVRDUDE knows about.
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If you have a programmer or part that AVRDUDE does not know about, you
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can add it to the config file (be sure and submit a patch back to the
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author so that it can be incorporated for the next version). If not
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specified, AVRDUDE reads the configuration file from
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/usr/local/etc/avrdude.conf (FreeBSD and Linux). See Appendix A for
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the method of searching for the configuration file for Windows.
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@item -e
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Causes a chip erase to be executed. This will reset the contents of the
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flash ROM and EEPROM to the value `0xff', and is basically a
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prerequisite command before the flash ROM can be reprogrammed again.
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The only exception would be if the new contents would exclusively cause
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bits to be pro- grammed from the value `1' to `0'. Note that in order
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to reprogram EERPOM cells, no explicit prior chip erase is required
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since the MCU provides an auto-erase cycle in that case before
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programming the cell.
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@item -E @var{exitspec}[,@dots{}]
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By default, AVRDUDE leaves the parallel port in the same state at exit
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as it has been found at startup. This option modifies the state of the
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`/RESET' and `Vcc' lines the par- allel port is left at, according to
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the exitspec arguments provided, as follows:
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@table @code
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@itemx reset
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The `/RESET' signal will be left activated at pro- gram exit, that is it
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will be held low, in order to keep the MCU in reset state afterwards.
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Note in particular that the programming algorithm for the AT90S1200
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device mandates that the `/RESET' signal is active before powering up
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the MCU, so in case an external power supply is used for this MCU type,
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a previous invocation of AVRDUDE with this option specified is one of
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the possible ways to guarantee this condition.
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@itemx noreset
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The `/RESET' line will be deactivated at program exit, thus allowing the
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MCU target program to run while the programming hardware remains
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connected.
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@itemx vcc
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This option will leave those parallel port pins active (i. e. high) that
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can be used to supply `Vcc' power to the MCU.
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@itemx novcc
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This option will pull the `Vcc' pins of the paral- lel port down at
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program exit.
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@end table
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Multiple @var{exitspec} arguments can be separated with commas.
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@item -f @var{format}
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This option specifies the file format for the input or out- put files to
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be processed. Format can be one of:
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@table @code
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@itemx i
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Intel Hex
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@itemx s
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Motorola S-record
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@itemx r
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raw binary; little-endian byte order, in the case of the flash ROM data
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@itemx a
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auto detect; valid for input only, and only if the input is not provided
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at stdin.
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@end table
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The default is to use auto detection for input files, and raw binary
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format for output files.
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@item -F
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Normally, AVRDUDE tries to verify that the device signature read from
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the part is reasonable before continuing. Since it can happen from time
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to time that a device has a broken (erased or overwritten) device
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signature but is otherwise operating normally, this options is provided
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to override the check.
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@item -i @var{filename}
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Specifies the input file to be programmed into the MCU. Can be
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specified as `-' to use stdin as the input.
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@item -m @var{memtype}
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Specifies which program area of the MCU to read or write; allowable
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values depend on the MCU being programmed, but most support at least
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@code{eeprom} for the EEPROM, and @code{flash} for the flash ROM. Use
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the @option{-v} option on the command line or the @code{part} command from
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terminal mode to display all the memory types supported by a particular
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device. The default is @code{flash}.
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@item -n
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No-write - disables actually writing data to the MCU (useful for
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debugging AVRDUDE).
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@item -o @var{filename}
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Specifies the name of the output file to write, and causes the
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respective memory area to be read from the MCU. Can be specified as `-'
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to write to stdout.
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@item -P @var{port}
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Use port to identify the device to which the programmer is attached. By
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default the @code{/dev/ppi0} port is used, but if the programmer type
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normally connects to the serial port, the @code{/dev/cuaa0} port is the
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default. If you need to use a different parallel or serial port, use
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this option to spec- ify the alternate port name.
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@item -t
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Tells AVRDUDE to enter the interactive ``terminal'' mode instead of up-
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or downloading files. See below for a detailed description of the
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terminal mode.
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@item -v
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Enable verbose output.
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@item -V
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Disable automatic verify check when uploading data.
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@item -y
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Tells AVRDUDE to use the last four bytes of the connected parts' EEPROM
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memory to track the number of times the device has been erased. When
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this option is used and the @option{-e} flag is specified to generate a
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chip erase, the previous counter will be saved before the chip erase, it
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is then incremented, and written back after the erase cycle com- pletes.
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Presumably, the device would only be erased just before being
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programmed, and thus, this can be utilized to give an indication of how
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many erase-rewrite cycles the part has undergone. Since the FLASH
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memory can only endure a finite number of erase-rewrite cycles, one can
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use this option to track when a part is nearing the limit. The typ-
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ical limit for Atmel AVR FLASH is 1000 cycles. Of course, if the
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application needs the last four bytes of EEPROM mem- ory, this option
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should not be used.
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@item -Y @var{cycles}
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Instructs AVRDUDE to initialize the erase-rewrite cycle counter residing
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at the last four bytes of EEPROM memory to the specified value. If the
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application needs the last four bytes of EEPROM memory, this option
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should not be used.
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@end table
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@c
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@c Node
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@c
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@node Example Command Line Invocations, , Option Descriptions, Command Line Options
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@section Example Command Line Invocations
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@noindent
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Download the file @code{m128diag.hex} to the ATmega128 chip using the
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STK500 programmer connected to the default serial port:
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@example
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@cartouche
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% avrdude -p m128 -c stk500 -y -e -i m128diag.hex
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avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
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avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9702
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avrdude: erasing chip
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avrdude: erase-rewrite cycle count is now 52
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avrdude: done.
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avrdude: reading input file "m128diag.hex"
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avrdude: input file m128diag.hex auto detected as Intel Hex
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avrdude: writing flash (18130 bytes):
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18175
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avrdude: 18176 bytes of flash written
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avrdude: verifying flash memory against m128diag.hex:
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avrdude: reading on-chip flash data:
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18175
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avrdude: verifying ...
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avrdude: 18176 bytes of flash verified
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avrdude done. Thank you.
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%
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@end cartouche
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@end example
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@noindent
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Upload the flash memory from the ATmega128 connected to the STK500
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programmer and save it in raw binary format in the file named
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@code{m128diag.flash}:
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@example
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@cartouche
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% avrdude -p m128 -c stk500 -f r -o m128diag.flash
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avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
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avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9702
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avrdude: current erase-rewrite cycle count is 52 (if being tracked)
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avrdude: reading flash memory:
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131071
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avrdude: writing output file "m128diag.flash"
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avrdude done. Thank you.
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%
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@end cartouche
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@end example
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@c
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|
@c Node
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@c
|
|
@node Terminal Mode Operation, Configuration File, Command Line Options, Top
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@chapter Terminal Mode Operation
|
|
|
|
AVRDUDE has an interactive mode called @var{terminal mode} that is
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enabled by the @option{-t} option. This mode allows one to enter
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interactive commands to display and modify the various device memories,
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perform a chip erase, display the device signature bytes and part
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parameters, and to send raw programming commands. Commands and
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parameters may be abbreviated to their shortest unambiguous form.
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Terminal mode also supports a command history so that previously entered
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commands can be recalled and edited.
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@menu
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* Terminal Mode Commands::
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|
* Terminal Mode Examples::
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|
@end menu
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|
|
@node Terminal Mode Commands, Terminal Mode Examples, Terminal Mode Operation, Terminal Mode Operation
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@section Terminal Mode Commands
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@noindent
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The following commands are implemented:
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@table @code
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@item dump @var{memtype} @var{addr} @var{nbytes}
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Read @var{nbytes} from the specified memory area, and display them in
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the usual hexadecimal and ASCII form.
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@item dump
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Continue dumping the memory contents for another @var{nbytes} where the
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previous dump command left off.
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@item write @var{memtype} @var{addr} @var{byte1} @dots{} @var{byteN}
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Manually program the respective memory cells, starting at address addr,
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using the values @var{byte1} through @var{byteN}. This feature is not
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implemented for bank-addressed memories such as the flash memory of
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ATMega devices.
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@item erase
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Perform a chip erase.
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@item send @var{b1} @var{b2} @var{b3} @var{b4}
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Send raw instruction codes to the AVR device. If you need access to a
|
|
feature of an AVR part that is not directly supported by AVRDUDE, this
|
|
command allows you to use it, even though AVRDUDE does not implement the
|
|
command.
|
|
|
|
@item sig
|
|
Display the device signature bytes.
|
|
|
|
@item part
|
|
Display the current part settings.
|
|
|
|
@item ?
|
|
@itemx help
|
|
Give a short on-line summary of the available commands.
|
|
|
|
@item quit
|
|
Leave terminal mode and thus AVRDUDE.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Terminal Mode Examples, , Terminal Mode Commands, Terminal Mode Operation
|
|
@section Terminal Mode Examples
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Display part parameters, modify eeprom cells, perform a chip erase:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@cartouche
|
|
% avrdude -p m128 -c stk500 -t
|
|
|
|
avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
|
|
avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9702
|
|
avrdude: current erase-rewrite cycle count is 52 (if being tracked)
|
|
avrdude> part
|
|
>>> part
|
|
|
|
AVR Part : ATMEGA128
|
|
Chip Erase delay : 9000 us
|
|
PAGEL : PD7
|
|
BS2 : PA0
|
|
RESET disposition : dedicated
|
|
RETRY pulse : SCK
|
|
serial program mode : yes
|
|
parallel program mode : yes
|
|
Memory Detail :
|
|
|
|
Page Polled
|
|
Memory Type Paged Size Size #Pages MinW MaxW ReadBack
|
|
----------- ------ ------ ---- ------ ----- ----- ---------
|
|
eeprom no 4096 8 0 9000 9000 0xff 0xff
|
|
flash yes 131072 256 512 4500 9000 0xff 0x00
|
|
lfuse no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
|
|
hfuse no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
|
|
efuse no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
|
|
lock no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
|
|
calibration no 1 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
|
|
signature no 3 0 0 0 0 0x00 0x00
|
|
|
|
avrdude> dump eeprom 0 16
|
|
>>> dump eeprom 0 16
|
|
0000 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
|
|
|
|
avrdude> write eeprom 0 1 2 3 4
|
|
>>> write eeprom 0 1 2 3 4
|
|
|
|
avrdude> dump eeprom 0 16
|
|
>>> dump eeprom 0 16
|
|
0000 01 02 03 04 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
|
|
|
|
avrdude> erase
|
|
>>> erase
|
|
avrdude: erasing chip
|
|
avrdude> dump eeprom 0 16
|
|
>>> dump eeprom 0 16
|
|
0000 ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff |................|
|
|
|
|
avrdude>
|
|
@end cartouche
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Program the fuse bits of an ATmega128 (disable M103 compatibility,
|
|
enable high speed external crystal, enable brown-out detection). First
|
|
display the factory defaults, then reprogram:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
@cartouche
|
|
% avrdude -p m128 -c stk500 -t
|
|
|
|
avrdude: AVR device initialized and ready to accept instructions
|
|
avrdude: Device signature = 0x1e9702
|
|
avrdude: current erase-rewrite cycle count is 52 (if being tracked)
|
|
avrdude> d efuse
|
|
>>> d efuse
|
|
0000 fd |. |
|
|
|
|
avrdude> d hfuse
|
|
>>> d hfuse
|
|
0000 99 |. |
|
|
|
|
avrdude> d lfuse
|
|
>>> d lfuse
|
|
0000 e1 |. |
|
|
|
|
avrdude> w efuse 0 0xff
|
|
>>> w efuse 0 0xff
|
|
|
|
avrdude> w hfuse 0 0x89
|
|
>>> w hfuse 0 0x89
|
|
|
|
avrdude> w lfuse 0 0x2e
|
|
>>> w lfuse 0 0x2e
|
|
|
|
avrdude>
|
|
@end cartouche
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Configuration File, Platform Dependent Information, Terminal Mode Operation, Top
|
|
@chapter Configuration File
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
AVRDUDE reads a configuration file upon startup which describes all of
|
|
the parts and programmers that it knows about. The advantage of this is
|
|
that if you have a chip that is not currently supported by AVRDUDE, you
|
|
can add it to the configuration file without waiting for a new release
|
|
of AVRDUDE. Likewise, if you have a parallel port programmer that is
|
|
not supported by AVRDUDE, chances are good that you can copy and
|
|
existing programmer definition, and with only a few changes, make your
|
|
programmer work with AVRDUDE.
|
|
|
|
AVRDUDE first looks for a system wide configuration file in a platform
|
|
dependent location. On Unix, this is usually
|
|
@code{/usr/local/etc/avrdude.conf}, while on Windows it is usally in the
|
|
same location as the executable file. The name of this file can be
|
|
changed using the @option{-C} command line option. After the system wide
|
|
configuration file is parsed, AVRDUDE looks for a per-user configuration
|
|
file to augment or override the system wide defaults. On Unix, the
|
|
per-user file is @code{.avrduderc} within the user's home directory. On
|
|
Windows, this file is the @code{avrdude.rc} file located in the same
|
|
directory as the executable.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* AVRDUDE Defaults::
|
|
* Programmer Definitions::
|
|
* Part Definitions::
|
|
* Other Notes::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node AVRDUDE Defaults, Programmer Definitions, Configuration File, Configuration File
|
|
@section AVRDUDE Defaults
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item default_parallel = "@var{default-parallel-device}";
|
|
Assign the default parallel port device. Can be overidden using the
|
|
@option{-P} option.
|
|
|
|
@item default_serial = "@var{default-serial-device}";
|
|
Assign the default serial port device. Can be overidden using the
|
|
@option{-P} option.
|
|
|
|
@item default_programmer = "@var{default-programmer-id}";
|
|
Assign the default programmer id. Can be overidden using the @option{-c}
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Programmer Definitions, Part Definitions, AVRDUDE Defaults, Configuration File
|
|
@section Programmer Definitions
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
The format of the programmer definition is as follows:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
programmer
|
|
id = <id1> [, <id2> [, <id3>] ...] ; # <idN> are quoted strings
|
|
desc = <description> ; # quoted string
|
|
type = par | stk500 ; # programmer type
|
|
vcc = <num1> [, <num2> ... ] ; # pin number(s)
|
|
reset = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
sck = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
mosi = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
miso = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
errled = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
rdyled = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
pgmled = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
vfyled = <num> ; # pin number
|
|
;
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Part Definitions, Other Notes, Programmer Definitions, Configuration File
|
|
@section Part Definitions
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
part
|
|
id = <id> ; # quoted string
|
|
desc = <description> ; # quoted string
|
|
devicecode = <num> ; # numeric
|
|
chip_erase_delay = <num> ; # micro-seconds
|
|
pagel = <num> ; # pin name in hex, i.e., 0xD7
|
|
bs2 = <num> ; # pin name in hex, i.e., 0xA0
|
|
reset = dedicated | io;
|
|
retry_pulse = reset | sck;
|
|
pgm_enable = <instruction format> ;
|
|
chip_erase = <instruction format> ;
|
|
memory <memtype>
|
|
paged = <yes/no> ; # yes / no
|
|
size = <num> ; # bytes
|
|
page_size = <num> ; # bytes
|
|
num_pages = <num> ; # numeric
|
|
min_write_delay = <num> ; # micro-seconds
|
|
max_write_delay = <num> ; # micro-seconds
|
|
readback_p1 = <num> ; # byte value
|
|
readback_p2 = <num> ; # byte value
|
|
pwroff_after_write = <yes/no> ; # yes / no
|
|
read = <instruction format> ;
|
|
write = <instruction format> ;
|
|
read_lo = <instruction format> ;
|
|
read_hi = <instruction format> ;
|
|
write_lo = <instruction format> ;
|
|
write_hi = <instruction format> ;
|
|
loadpage_lo = <instruction format> ;
|
|
loadpage_hi = <instruction format> ;
|
|
writepage = <instruction format> ;
|
|
;
|
|
;
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Instruction Format::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Instruction Format, , Part Definitions, Part Definitions
|
|
@subsection Instruction Format
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Instruction formats are specified as a comma seperated list of string
|
|
values containing information (bit specifiers) about each of the 32 bits
|
|
of the instruction. Bit specifiers may be one of the following formats:
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item 1
|
|
The bit is always set on input as well as output
|
|
|
|
@item 0
|
|
the bit is always clear on input as well as output
|
|
|
|
@item x
|
|
the bit is ignored on input and output
|
|
|
|
@item a
|
|
the bit is an address bit, the bit-number matches this bit specifier's
|
|
position within the current instruction byte
|
|
|
|
@item a@var{N}
|
|
the bit is the @var{N}th address bit, bit-number = N, i.e., @code{a12}
|
|
is address bit 12 on input, @code{a0} is address bit 0.
|
|
|
|
@item i
|
|
the bit is an input data bit
|
|
|
|
@item o
|
|
the bit is an output data bit
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
Each instruction must be composed of 32 bit specifiers. The instruction
|
|
specification closely follows the instruction data provided in Atmel's
|
|
data sheets for their parts. For example, the EEPROM read and write
|
|
instruction for an AT90S2313 AVR part could be encoded as:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
read = "1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x",
|
|
"x a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0 o o o o o o o o";
|
|
|
|
write = "1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x",
|
|
"x a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0 i i i i i i i i";
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Other Notes, , Part Definitions, Configuration File
|
|
@section Other Notes
|
|
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
@item
|
|
The @code{devicecode} parameter is the device code used by the STK500
|
|
and are obtained from the software section (@code{avr061.zip} of
|
|
Atmel's AVR061 application note available from
|
|
@url{http://www.atmel.com/atmel/acrobat/doc2525.pdf}.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Not all memory types will implement all instructions.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
AVR Fuse bits and Lock bits are implemented as a type of memory.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Example memory types are: @code{flash}, @code{eeprom}, @code{fuse},
|
|
@code{lfuse} (low fuse), @code{hfuse} (high fuse), @code{efuse}
|
|
(extended fuse), @code{signature}, @code{calibration}, @code{lock}.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
The memory type specified on the AVRDUDE command line must match one of
|
|
the memory types defined for the specified chip.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
The @code{pwroff_after_write} flag causes AVRDUDE to attempt to power
|
|
the device off and back on after an unsuccessful write to the affected
|
|
memory area if VCC programmer pins are defined. If VCC pins are not
|
|
defined for the programmer, a message indicating that the device needs a
|
|
power-cycle is printed out. This flag was added to work around a
|
|
problem with the at90s4433/2333's; see the at90s4433 errata at:
|
|
|
|
@url{http://www.atmel.com/atmel/acrobat/doc1280.pdf}
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Platform Dependent Information, , Configuration File, Top
|
|
@appendix Platform Dependent Information
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Unix::
|
|
* Windows::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Unix, Windows, Platform Dependent Information, Platform Dependent Information
|
|
@section Unix
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Unix Installation::
|
|
* Unix Configuration Files::
|
|
* Unix Port Names::
|
|
* Unix Documentation::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Unix Installation, Unix Configuration Files, Unix, Unix
|
|
@subsection Unix Installation
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
To build and install from the source tarball on Unix like systems:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
$ gunzip -c avrdude-@value{VERSION}.tar.gz | tar xf -
|
|
$ cd avrdude-@value{VERSION}
|
|
$ ./configure
|
|
$ make
|
|
$ su root -c 'make install'
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
The default location of the install is into @code{/usr/local} so you
|
|
will need to be sure that @code{/usr/local/bin} is in your @code{PATH}
|
|
environment variable.
|
|
|
|
If you do not have root access to your system, you can do the the
|
|
following instead:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
$ gunzip -c avrdude-@value{VERSION}.tar.gz | tar xf -
|
|
$ cd avrdude-@value{VERSION}
|
|
$ ./configure --prefix=$HOME/local
|
|
$ make
|
|
$ make install
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* FreeBSD Installation::
|
|
* Linux Installation::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node FreeBSD Installation, Linux Installation, Unix Installation, Unix Installation
|
|
@subsubsection FreeBSD Installation
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
AVRDUDE is installed via the FreeBSD Ports Tree as follows:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
% su - root
|
|
# cd /usr/ports/devel/avrdude
|
|
# make install
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
If you wish to install from a pre-built package instead of the source,
|
|
you can use the following instead:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
% su - root
|
|
# pkg_add -r avrdude
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Of course, you must be connected to the Internet for these methods to
|
|
work, since that is where the source as well as the pre-built package is
|
|
obtained.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Linux Installation, , FreeBSD Installation, Unix Installation
|
|
@subsubsection Linux Installation
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
On rpm based linux systems (such as RedHat, SUSE, Mandrake, etc), you
|
|
can build and install the rpm binaries directly from the tarball:
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
$ su - root
|
|
# rpmbuild -tb avrdude-@value{VERSION}.tar.gz
|
|
# rpm -Uvh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/avrdude-@value{VERSION}-1.i386.rpm
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
Note that the path to the resulting rpm package, differs from system
|
|
to system. The above example is specific to RedHat.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Unix Configuration Files, Unix Port Names, Unix Installation, Unix
|
|
@subsection Unix Configuration Files
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
When AVRDUDE is build using the default @option{--prefix} configure
|
|
option, the default configuration file for a Unix system is located at
|
|
@code{/usr/local/etc/avrdude.conf}. This can be overridden by using the
|
|
@option{-C} command line option. Additionally, the user's home directory
|
|
is searched for a file named @code{.avrduderc}, and if found, is used to
|
|
augment the system default configuration file.
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* FreeBSD Configuration Files::
|
|
* Linux Configuration Files::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node FreeBSD Configuration Files, Linux Configuration Files, Unix Configuration Files, Unix Configuration Files
|
|
@subsubsection FreeBSD Configuration Files
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
When AVRUDE is installed using the FreeBSD ports system, the system
|
|
configuration file is always @code{/usr/local/etc/avrdude.conf}.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Linux Configuration Files, , FreeBSD Configuration Files, Unix Configuration Files
|
|
@subsubsection Linux Configuration Files
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
When AVRDUDE is installed using from an rpm package, the system
|
|
configuration file will be always be @code{/etc/avrdude.conf}.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Unix Port Names, Unix Documentation, Unix Configuration Files, Unix
|
|
@subsection Unix Port Names
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
The parallel and serial port device file names are system specific.
|
|
The following table lists the default names for a given system.
|
|
|
|
@multitable @columnfractions .30 .30 .30
|
|
@item @strong{System}
|
|
@tab @strong{Default Parallel Port}
|
|
@tab @strong{Default Serial Port}
|
|
@item FreeBSD
|
|
@tab @code{/dev/ppi0}
|
|
@tab @code{/dev/cuaa0}
|
|
@item Linux
|
|
@tab @code{/dev/parport0}
|
|
@tab @code{/dev/ttyS0}
|
|
@end multitable
|
|
|
|
On FreeBSD systems, AVRDUDE uses the ppi(4) interface for
|
|
accessing the parallel port and the sio(4) driver for serial port
|
|
access.
|
|
|
|
On Linux systems, AVRDUDE uses the ppdev interface for
|
|
accessing the parallel port and the tty driver for serial port
|
|
access.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Unix Documentation, , Unix Port Names, Unix
|
|
@subsection Unix Documentation
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
AVRDUDE installs a manual page as well as info, HTML and PDF
|
|
documentation. The manual page is installed in
|
|
@code{/usr/local/man/man1} area, while the HTML and PDF documentation
|
|
is installed in @code{/usr/local/share/doc/avrdude} directory. The
|
|
info manual is installed in @code{/usr/local/info/avrdude.info}.
|
|
|
|
Note that these locations can be altered by various configure options
|
|
such as @option{--prefix}.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Windows, , Unix, Platform Dependent Information
|
|
@section Windows
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Windows Installation::
|
|
* Windows Configuration Files::
|
|
* Windows Port Names::
|
|
* Using the parallel port::
|
|
* Documentation::
|
|
* Credits.::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Windows Installation, Windows Configuration Files, Windows, Windows
|
|
@subsection Installation
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Empty.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
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@c Node
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@c
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@node Windows Configuration Files, Windows Port Names, Windows Installation, Windows
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@subsection Configuration Files
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@menu
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* Configuration file names::
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* How AVRDUDE finds the configuration files.::
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@end menu
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@c
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@c Node
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@c
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@node Configuration file names, How AVRDUDE finds the configuration files., Windows Configuration Files, Windows Configuration Files
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@subsubsection Configuration file names
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@noindent
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AVRDUDE on Windows looks for a system configuration file name of
|
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@code{avrdude.conf} and looks for a user override configuration file of
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@code{avrdude.rc}.
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@c
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@c Node
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@c
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@node How AVRDUDE finds the configuration files., , Configuration file names, Windows Configuration Files
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@subsubsection How AVRDUDE finds the configuration files.
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@noindent
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AVRDUDE on Windows has a different way of searching for the system and
|
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user configuration files. Below is the search method for locating the
|
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configuration files:
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@enumerate
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|
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|
@item
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|
The directory from which the application loaded.
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|
|
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@item
|
|
The current directory.
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|
|
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@item
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|
The Windows system directory. On Windows NT, the name of this directory
|
|
is @code{SYSTEM32}.
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|
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@item
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|
Windows NT: The 16-bit Windows system directory. The name of this
|
|
directory is @code{SYSTEM}.
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|
|
@item
|
|
The Windows directory.
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|
|
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@item
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|
The directories that are listed in the PATH environment variable.
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|
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@end enumerate
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@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Windows Port Names, Using the parallel port, Windows Configuration Files, Windows
|
|
@subsection Port Names
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|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Serial Ports::
|
|
* Parallel Ports::
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|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Serial Ports, Parallel Ports, Windows Port Names, Windows Port Names
|
|
@subsubsection Serial Ports
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|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
When you select a serial port (i.e. when using an STK500) use the
|
|
Windows serial port device names such as: com1, com2, etc.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Parallel Ports, , Serial Ports, Windows Port Names
|
|
@subsubsection Parallel Ports
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
AVRDUDE will only accept 3 Windows parallel port names: lpt1, lpt2, or
|
|
lpt3. Each of these names corresponds to a fixed parallel port base
|
|
address:
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
@item lpt1
|
|
0x378
|
|
|
|
@item lpt2
|
|
0x278
|
|
|
|
@item lpt3
|
|
0x3BC
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
On your desktop PC, lpt1 will be the most common choice. If you are
|
|
using a laptop, you might have to use lpt3 instead of lpt1. Select the
|
|
name of the port the corresponds to the base address of the parallel
|
|
port that you want.
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Using the parallel port, Documentation, Windows Port Names, Windows
|
|
@subsection Using the parallel port
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
* Windows NT/2K/XP::
|
|
* Windows 95/98::
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Windows NT/2K/XP, Windows 95/98, Using the parallel port, Using the parallel port
|
|
@subsubsection Windows NT/2K/XP
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
On Windows NT, 2000, and XP user applications cannot directly access the
|
|
parallel port. However, kernel mode drivers can access the parallel port.
|
|
giveio.sys is a driver that can allow user applications to set the state
|
|
of the parallel port pins.
|
|
|
|
Before using AVRDUDE, the giveio.sys driver must be loaded. The
|
|
accompanying command-line program, loaddrv.exe, can do just that.
|
|
|
|
To make things even easier there are 3 batch files that are also
|
|
included:
|
|
|
|
@enumerate
|
|
@item install_giveio.bat
|
|
Install and start the giveio driver.
|
|
|
|
@item status_giveio.bat
|
|
Check on the status of the giveio driver.
|
|
|
|
@item remove_giveio.bat
|
|
Stop and remove the giveio driver from memory.
|
|
@end enumerate
|
|
|
|
These 3 batch files calls the loaddrv program with various options to
|
|
install, start, stop, and remove the driver.
|
|
|
|
When you first execute install_giveio.bat, loaddrv.exe and giveio.sys
|
|
must be in the current directory. When install_giveio.bat is executed it
|
|
will copy giveio.sys from your current directory to your Windows
|
|
directory. It will then load the driver from the Windows directory. This
|
|
means that after the first time install_giveio is executed, you should
|
|
be able to subsequently execute the batch file from any directory and have
|
|
it successfully start the driver.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Windows 95/98, , Windows NT/2K/XP, Using the parallel port
|
|
@subsubsection Windows 95/98
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
On Windows 95 and 98 the giveio.sys driver is not needed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Documentation, Credits., Using the parallel port, Windows
|
|
@subsection Documentation
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Empty.
|
|
|
|
@c
|
|
@c Node
|
|
@c
|
|
@node Credits., , Documentation, Windows
|
|
@subsection Credits.
|
|
|
|
@noindent
|
|
Thanks to:
|
|
|
|
@itemize @bullet
|
|
@item
|
|
Dale Roberts for the giveio driver.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Paula Tomlinson for the loaddrv sources.
|
|
|
|
@item
|
|
Chris Liechti <cliechti@@gmx.net> for modifying loaddrv to be command
|
|
line driven and for writing the batch files.
|
|
|
|
@end itemize
|
|
|
|
@bye
|