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avrdude/src/usbasp.c

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/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
* Copyright (C) 2006 Thomas Fischl
* Copyright 2007 Joerg Wunsch <j@uriah.heep.sax.de>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/* $Id$ */
/*
* Interface to the USBasp programmer.
*
* See http://www.fischl.de/usbasp/
*/
#include "ac_cfg.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "avrdude.h"
#include "libavrdude.h"
#include "usbasp.h"
#include "usbdevs.h"
#if defined(HAVE_LIBUSB) || defined(HAVE_LIBUSB_1_0)
#ifdef HAVE_LIBUSB_1_0
# define USE_LIBUSB_1_0
#endif
#if defined(USE_LIBUSB_1_0)
# if defined(HAVE_LIBUSB_1_0_LIBUSB_H)
# include <libusb-1.0/libusb.h>
# else
# include <libusb.h>
# endif
#else
# if defined(HAVE_USB_H)
# include <usb.h>
# elif defined(HAVE_LUSB0_USB_H)
# include <lusb0_usb.h>
# else
# error "libusb needs either <usb.h> or <lusb0_usb.h>"
# endif
#endif
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
static libusb_context *ctx = NULL;
static const char *errstr(int result)
{
static char msg[30];
int n = 0;
switch (result) {
case LIBUSB_SUCCESS:
return "No error";
case LIBUSB_ERROR_IO:
n = EIO;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM:
n = EINVAL;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS:
n = EACCES;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE:
n = ENXIO;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND:
n = ENOENT;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY:
n = EBUSY;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_TIMEOUT:
#ifdef ETIMEDOUT
n = ETIMEDOUT;
break;
#else
return "Operation timed out"
#endif
case LIBUSB_ERROR_OVERFLOW:
#ifdef EOVERFLOW
n = EOVERFLOW;
break;
#else
return "Value too large to be stored in data type"
#endif
case LIBUSB_ERROR_PIPE:
n = EPIPE;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_INTERRUPTED:
n = EINTR;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM:
n = ENOMEM;
break;
case LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED:
n = ENOSYS;
break;
default:
snprintf(msg, sizeof msg, "Unknown libusb error: %d", result);
return msg;
}
return strerror(n);
}
#endif
/*
* Private data for this programmer.
*/
struct pdata
{
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
libusb_device_handle *usbhandle;
#else
usb_dev_handle *usbhandle;
#endif
int sckfreq_hz;
unsigned int capabilities;
int use_tpi;
int section_e;
int sck_3mhz;
};
#define PDATA(pgm) ((struct pdata *)(pgm->cookie))
#define IMPORT_PDATA(pgm) struct pdata *pdata = PDATA(pgm)
/* Prototypes */
// interface - management
static void usbasp_setup(PROGRAMMER * pgm);
static void usbasp_teardown(PROGRAMMER * pgm);
static int usbasp_parseextparms(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const LISTID extparms);
// internal functions
static int usbasp_transmit(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, unsigned char receive,
unsigned char functionid, const unsigned char *send,
unsigned char *buffer, int buffersize);
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
static int usbOpenDevice(libusb_device_handle **device, int vendor, const char *vendorName, int product, const char *productName);
#else
static int usbOpenDevice(usb_dev_handle **device, int vendor, const char *vendorName, int product, const char *productName);
#endif
// interface - prog.
static int usbasp_open(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *port);
static void usbasp_close(PROGRAMMER *pgm);
// dummy functions
static void usbasp_disable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm);
static void usbasp_enable(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p);
static void usbasp_display(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *p);
// universal functions
static int usbasp_initialize(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p);
// SPI specific functions
static int usbasp_spi_cmd(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *cmd, unsigned char *res);
static int usbasp_spi_program_enable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p);
static int usbasp_spi_chip_erase(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p);
static int usbasp_spi_paged_load(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size,
unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes);
static int usbasp_spi_paged_write(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size,
unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes);
static int usbasp_spi_set_sck_period(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, double sckperiod);
// TPI specific functions
static void usbasp_tpi_send_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, uint8_t b);
static int usbasp_tpi_cmd(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *cmd, unsigned char *res);
static int usbasp_tpi_program_enable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p);
static int usbasp_tpi_chip_erase(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p);
static int usbasp_tpi_paged_load(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size,
unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes);
static int usbasp_tpi_paged_write(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size,
unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes);
static int usbasp_tpi_set_sck_period(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, double sckperiod);
static int usbasp_tpi_read_byte(const PROGRAMMER * pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m, unsigned long addr, unsigned char *value);
static int usbasp_tpi_write_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m, unsigned long addr, unsigned char data);
// Dispatching wrappers
static int usbasp_cmd(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *cmd, unsigned char *res) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_cmd(pgm, cmd, res):
usbasp_spi_cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
}
static int usbasp_program_enable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_program_enable(pgm, p):
usbasp_spi_program_enable(pgm, p);
}
static int usbasp_chip_erase(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_chip_erase(pgm, p):
usbasp_spi_chip_erase(pgm, p);
}
static int usbasp_paged_load(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_paged_load(pgm, p, m, page_size, addr, n_bytes):
usbasp_spi_paged_load(pgm, p, m, page_size, addr, n_bytes);
}
static int usbasp_paged_write(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_paged_write(pgm, p, m, page_size, addr, n_bytes):
usbasp_spi_paged_write(pgm, p, m, page_size, addr, n_bytes);
}
static int usbasp_set_sck_period(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, double sckperiod) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_set_sck_period(pgm, sckperiod):
usbasp_spi_set_sck_period(pgm, sckperiod);
}
static int usbasp_read_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned long addr, unsigned char * value) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_read_byte(pgm, p, m, addr, value):
avr_read_byte_default(pgm, p, m, addr, value);
}
static int usbasp_write_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned long addr, unsigned char data) {
return PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi?
usbasp_tpi_write_byte(pgm, p, m, addr, data):
avr_write_byte_default(pgm, p, m, addr, data);
}
/* Interface - management */
static void usbasp_setup(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
if ((pgm->cookie = malloc(sizeof(struct pdata))) == 0) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: usbasp_setup(): Out of memory allocating private data\n",
progname);
exit(1);
}
memset(pgm->cookie, 0, sizeof(struct pdata));
}
static void usbasp_teardown(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
free(pgm->cookie);
}
static int usbasp_parseextparms(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const LISTID extparms) {
LNODEID ln;
const char *extended_param;
int rv = 0;
for (ln = lfirst(extparms); ln; ln = lnext(ln)) {
extended_param = ldata(ln);
if (strncmp(extended_param, "section_config", strlen("section_config")) == 0) {
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: usbasp_parseextparms(): set section_e to 1 (config section)\n",
progname);
PDATA(pgm)->section_e = 1;
continue;
}
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: usbasp_parseextparms(): invalid extended parameter '%s'\n",
progname, extended_param);
rv = -1;
}
return rv;
}
/* Internal functions */
static const char *usbasp_get_funcname(unsigned char functionid)
{
switch (functionid) {
case USBASP_FUNC_CONNECT: return "USBASP_FUNC_CONNECT"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_DISCONNECT: return "USBASP_FUNC_DISCONNECT"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_TRANSMIT: return "USBASP_FUNC_TRANSMIT"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_READFLASH: return "USBASP_FUNC_READFLASH"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_ENABLEPROG: return "USBASP_FUNC_ENABLEPROG"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_WRITEFLASH: return "USBASP_FUNC_WRITEFLASH"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_READEEPROM: return "USBASP_FUNC_READEEPROM"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_WRITEEEPROM: return "USBASP_FUNC_WRITEEEPROM"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_SETLONGADDRESS: return "USBASP_FUNC_SETLONGADDRESS"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_SETISPSCK: return "USBASP_FUNC_SETISPSCK"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_TPI_CONNECT: return "USBASP_FUNC_TPI_CONNECT"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_TPI_DISCONNECT: return "USBASP_FUNC_TPI_DISCONNECT"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_TPI_RAWREAD: return "USBASP_FUNC_TPI_RAWREAD"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_TPI_RAWWRITE: return "USBASP_FUNC_TPI_RAWWRITE"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_TPI_READBLOCK: return "USBASP_FUNC_TPI_READBLOCK"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_TPI_WRITEBLOCK: return "USBASP_FUNC_TPI_WRITEBLOCK"; break;
case USBASP_FUNC_GETCAPABILITIES: return "USBASP_FUNC_GETCAPABILITIES"; break;
default: return "Unknown USBASP function"; break;
}
}
/*
* wrapper for usb_control_msg call
*/
static int usbasp_transmit(const PROGRAMMER *pgm,
unsigned char receive, unsigned char functionid,
const unsigned char *send,
unsigned char *buffer, int buffersize)
{
int nbytes;
if (verbose > 3) {
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "%s: usbasp_transmit(\"%s\", 0x%02x, 0x%02x, 0x%02x, 0x%02x)\n",
progname,
usbasp_get_funcname(functionid), send[0], send[1], send[2], send[3]);
if (!receive && buffersize > 0) {
int i;
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "%s => ", progbuf);
for (i = 0; i < buffersize; i++)
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "[%02x] ", buffer[i]);
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "\n");
}
}
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
nbytes = libusb_control_transfer(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle,
(LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_VENDOR | LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_DEVICE | (receive << 7)) & 0xff,
functionid & 0xff,
((send[1] << 8) | send[0]) & 0xffff,
((send[3] << 8) | send[2]) & 0xffff,
buffer,
buffersize & 0xffff,
5000);
if(nbytes < 0){
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: usbasp_transmit: %s\n", progname, errstr(nbytes));
return -1;
}
#else
nbytes = usb_control_msg(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle,
USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_DEVICE | (receive << 7),
functionid,
(send[1] << 8) | send[0],
(send[3] << 8) | send[2],
(char *)buffer, buffersize,
5000);
if(nbytes < 0){
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: usbasp_transmit: %s\n", progname, usb_strerror());
return -1;
}
#endif
if (verbose > 3 && receive && nbytes > 0) {
int i;
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "%s<= ", progbuf);
for (i = 0; i < nbytes; i++)
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "[%02x] ", buffer[i]);
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "\n");
}
return nbytes;
}
/*
* Try to open USB device with given VID, PID, vendor and product name
* Parts of this function were taken from an example code by OBJECTIVE
* DEVELOPMENT Software GmbH (www.obdev.at) to meet conditions for
* shared VID/PID
*/
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
static int usbOpenDevice(libusb_device_handle **device, int vendor,
const char *vendorName, int product, const char *productName)
{
libusb_device_handle *handle = NULL;
int errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
static int didUsbInit = 0;
int j;
int r;
if(!didUsbInit){
didUsbInit = 1;
libusb_init(&ctx);
}
libusb_device **dev_list;
int dev_list_len = libusb_get_device_list(ctx, &dev_list);
for (j=0; j<dev_list_len; ++j) {
libusb_device *dev = dev_list[j];
struct libusb_device_descriptor descriptor;
libusb_get_device_descriptor(dev, &descriptor);
if (descriptor.idVendor == vendor && descriptor.idProduct == product) {
char string[256];
/* we need to open the device in order to query strings */
r = libusb_open(dev, &handle);
if (!handle) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_ACCESS;
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: cannot open USB device: %s\n",
progname, errstr(r));
continue;
}
errorCode = 0;
/* now check whether the names match: */
/* if vendorName not given ignore it (any vendor matches) */
r = libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(handle, descriptor.iManufacturer & 0xff, (unsigned char*)string, sizeof(string));
if (r < 0) {
if ((vendorName != NULL) && (vendorName[0] != 0)) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: cannot query manufacturer for device: %s\n",
progname, errstr(r));
}
} else {
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: seen device from vendor ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if ((vendorName != NULL) && (vendorName[0] != 0) && (strcmp(string, vendorName) != 0))
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
}
/* if productName not given ignore it (any product matches) */
r = libusb_get_string_descriptor_ascii(handle, descriptor.iProduct & 0xff, (unsigned char*)string, sizeof(string));
if (r < 0) {
if ((productName != NULL) && (productName[0] != 0)) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: cannot query product for device: %s\n",
progname, errstr(r));
}
} else {
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: seen product ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if((productName != NULL) && (productName[0] != 0) && (strcmp(string, productName) != 0))
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
}
if (errorCode == 0)
break;
libusb_close(handle);
handle = NULL;
}
}
libusb_free_device_list(dev_list,1);
if (handle != NULL){
errorCode = 0;
*device = handle;
}
return errorCode;
}
#else
static int usbOpenDevice(usb_dev_handle **device, int vendor,
const char *vendorName, int product, const char *productName)
{
struct usb_bus *bus;
struct usb_device *dev;
usb_dev_handle *handle = NULL;
int errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
static int didUsbInit = 0;
if(!didUsbInit){
didUsbInit = 1;
usb_init();
}
usb_find_busses();
usb_find_devices();
for(bus=usb_get_busses(); bus; bus=bus->next){
for(dev=bus->devices; dev; dev=dev->next){
if(dev->descriptor.idVendor == vendor &&
dev->descriptor.idProduct == product){
char string[256];
int len;
/* we need to open the device in order to query strings */
handle = usb_open(dev);
if(!handle){
errorCode = USB_ERROR_ACCESS;
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: cannot open USB device: %s\n",
progname, usb_strerror());
continue;
}
errorCode = 0;
/* now check whether the names match: */
/* if vendorName not given ignore it (any vendor matches) */
len = usb_get_string_simple(handle, dev->descriptor.iManufacturer,
string, sizeof(string));
if(len < 0){
if ((vendorName != NULL) && (vendorName[0] != 0)) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: cannot query manufacturer for device: %s\n",
progname, usb_strerror());
}
} else {
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: seen device from vendor ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if((vendorName != NULL) && (vendorName[0] != 0) && (strcmp(string, vendorName) != 0))
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
}
/* if productName not given ignore it (any product matches) */
len = usb_get_string_simple(handle, dev->descriptor.iProduct,
string, sizeof(string));
if(len < 0){
if ((productName != NULL) && (productName[0] != 0)) {
errorCode = USB_ERROR_IO;
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: cannot query product for device: %s\n",
progname, usb_strerror());
}
} else {
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: seen product ->%s<-\n",
progname, string);
if((productName != NULL) && (productName[0] != 0) && (strcmp(string, productName) != 0))
errorCode = USB_ERROR_NOTFOUND;
}
if (errorCode == 0)
break;
usb_close(handle);
handle = NULL;
}
}
if(handle)
break;
}
if(handle != NULL){
errorCode = 0;
*device = handle;
}
return errorCode;
}
#endif
/* Interface - prog. */
static int usbasp_open(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *port) {
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_open(\"%s\")\n",
progname, port);
/* usb_init will be done in usbOpenDevice */
LNODEID usbpid = lfirst(pgm->usbpid);
int pid, vid;
if (usbpid) {
pid = *(int *)(ldata(usbpid));
if (lnext(usbpid))
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: using PID 0x%04x, ignoring remaining PIDs in list\n",
progname, pid);
} else {
pid = USBASP_SHARED_PID;
}
vid = pgm->usbvid? pgm->usbvid: USBASP_SHARED_VID;
if (usbOpenDevice(&PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle, vid, pgm->usbvendor, pid, pgm->usbproduct) != 0) {
/* try alternatives */
if(strcasecmp(ldata(lfirst(pgm->id)), "usbasp") == 0) {
/* for id usbasp autodetect some variants */
if(strcasecmp(port, "nibobee") == 0) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: warning: Using \"-C usbasp -P nibobee\" is deprecated,"
"use \"-C nibobee\" instead.\n",
progname);
if (usbOpenDevice(&PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle, USBASP_NIBOBEE_VID, "www.nicai-systems.com",
USBASP_NIBOBEE_PID, "NIBObee") != 0) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: could not find USB device "
"\"NIBObee\" with vid=0x%x pid=0x%x\n",
progname, USBASP_NIBOBEE_VID, USBASP_NIBOBEE_PID);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/* check if device with old VID/PID is available */
if (usbOpenDevice(&PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle, USBASP_OLD_VID, "www.fischl.de",
USBASP_OLD_PID, "USBasp") == 0) {
/* found USBasp with old IDs */
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: Warning: Found USB device \"USBasp\" with "
"old VID/PID! Please update firmware of USBasp!\n",
progname);
return 0;
}
/* original USBasp is specified in config file, so no need to check it again here */
/* no alternative found => fall through to generic error message */
}
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: could not find USB device with vid=0x%x pid=0x%x",
progname, vid, pid);
if (pgm->usbvendor[0] != 0) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, " vendor='%s'", pgm->usbvendor);
}
if (pgm->usbproduct[0] != 0) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, " product='%s'", pgm->usbproduct);
}
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "\n");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static void usbasp_close(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_close()\n", progname);
if (PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle!=NULL) {
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
if (PDATA(pgm)->use_tpi) {
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TPI_DISCONNECT, temp, temp, sizeof(temp));
} else {
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_DISCONNECT, temp, temp, sizeof(temp));
}
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
libusb_close(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle);
#else
usb_close(PDATA(pgm)->usbhandle);
#endif
}
#ifdef USE_LIBUSB_1_0
libusb_exit(ctx);
#else
/* nothing for usb 0.1 ? */
#endif
}
/* Dummy functions */
static void usbasp_disable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
/* Do nothing. */
return;
}
static void usbasp_enable(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
/* Do nothing. */
return;
}
static void usbasp_display(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *p) {
return;
}
// @@@
/* Universal functions: for both SPI and TPI */
static int usbasp_initialize(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char temp[4];
unsigned char res[4];
IMPORT_PDATA(pgm);
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_initialize()\n", progname);
/* get capabilities */
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
if(usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_GETCAPABILITIES, temp, res, sizeof(res)) == 4)
pdata->capabilities = res[0] | ((unsigned int)res[1] << 8) | ((unsigned int)res[2] << 16) | ((unsigned int)res[3] << 24);
else
pdata->capabilities = 0;
pdata->use_tpi = (pdata->capabilities & USBASP_CAP_TPI) && (p->prog_modes & PM_TPI);
// query support for 3 MHz SCK in UsbAsp-flash firmware
// https://github.com/nofeletru/UsbAsp-flash
pdata->sck_3mhz = ((pdata->capabilities & USBASP_CAP_3MHZ) != 0) ? 1 :0;
if(pdata->use_tpi)
{
/* calc tpiclk delay */
int dly = 1500000.0 * pgm->bitclock;
if(dly < 1)
dly = 1;
else if(dly > 2047)
dly = 2047;
temp[0] = dly;
temp[1] = dly >> 8;
/* connect */
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TPI_CONNECT, temp, res, sizeof(res));
}
else
{
/* set sck period */
pgm->set_sck_period(pgm, pgm->bitclock);
/* connect to target device */
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_CONNECT, temp, res, sizeof(res));
}
/* wait, so device is ready to receive commands */
usleep(100000);
return pgm->program_enable(pgm, p);
}
/* SPI specific functions */
static int usbasp_spi_cmd(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *cmd,
unsigned char *res)
{
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_spi_cmd(0x%02x, 0x%02x, 0x%02x, 0x%02x)%s",
progname, cmd[0], cmd[1], cmd[2], cmd[3],
verbose > 3? "...\n": "");
int nbytes =
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TRANSMIT, cmd, res, 4);
if(nbytes != 4){
if (verbose == 3)
putc('\n', stderr);
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: wrong response size\n",
progname);
return -1;
}
avrdude_message(MSG_TRACE, "%s: usbasp_spi_cmd()", progname);
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, " => 0x%02x, 0x%02x, 0x%02x, 0x%02x\n",
res[0], res[1], res[2], res[3]);
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_spi_program_enable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char res[4];
unsigned char cmd[4];
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
memset(res, 0, sizeof(res));
cmd[0] = 0;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_program_enable()\n",
progname);
int nbytes =
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_ENABLEPROG, cmd, res, sizeof(res));
if ((nbytes != 1) | (res[0] != 0)) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: program enable: target doesn't answer. %x \n",
progname, res[0]);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_spi_chip_erase(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
unsigned char cmd[4];
unsigned char res[4];
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_chip_erase()\n",
progname);
if (p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE] == NULL) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "chip erase instruction not defined for part \"%s\"\n",
p->desc);
return -1;
}
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
avr_set_bits(p->op[AVR_OP_CHIP_ERASE], cmd);
pgm->cmd(pgm, cmd, res);
usleep(p->chip_erase_delay);
pgm->initialize(pgm, p);
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_spi_paged_load(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int address, unsigned int n_bytes) {
int n;
unsigned char cmd[4];
int wbytes = n_bytes;
int blocksize;
unsigned char *buffer = m->buf + address;
int function;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_program_paged_load(\"%s\", 0x%x, %d)\n",
progname, m->desc, address, n_bytes);
if (strcmp(m->desc, "flash") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_READFLASH;
} else if (strcmp(m->desc, "eeprom") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_READEEPROM;
} else {
return -2;
}
/* set blocksize depending on sck frequency */
if ((PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz > 0) && (PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz < 10000)) {
blocksize = USBASP_READBLOCKSIZE / 10;
} else {
blocksize = USBASP_READBLOCKSIZE;
}
while (wbytes) {
if (wbytes <= blocksize) {
blocksize = wbytes;
}
wbytes -= blocksize;
/* set address (new mode) - if firmware on usbasp support newmode, then they use address from this command */
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
cmd[2] = address >> 16;
cmd[3] = address >> 24;
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_SETLONGADDRESS, cmd, temp, sizeof(temp));
/* send command with address (compatibility mode) - if firmware on
usbasp doesn't support newmode, then they use address from this */
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
// for compatibility - previous version of usbasp.c doesn't initialize this fields (firmware ignore it)
cmd[2] = 0;
cmd[3] = 0;
n = usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, function, cmd, buffer, blocksize);
if (n != blocksize) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: wrong reading bytes %x\n",
progname, n);
return -3;
}
buffer += blocksize;
address += blocksize;
}
return n_bytes;
}
static int usbasp_spi_paged_write(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int address, unsigned int n_bytes) {
int n;
unsigned char cmd[4];
int wbytes = n_bytes;
int blocksize;
unsigned char *buffer = m->buf + address;
unsigned char blockflags = USBASP_BLOCKFLAG_FIRST;
int function;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_program_paged_write(\"%s\", 0x%x, %d)\n",
progname, m->desc, address, n_bytes);
if (strcmp(m->desc, "flash") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_WRITEFLASH;
} else if (strcmp(m->desc, "eeprom") == 0) {
function = USBASP_FUNC_WRITEEEPROM;
} else {
return -2;
}
/* set blocksize depending on sck frequency */
if ((PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz > 0) && (PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz < 10000)) {
blocksize = USBASP_WRITEBLOCKSIZE / 10;
} else {
blocksize = USBASP_WRITEBLOCKSIZE;
}
while (wbytes) {
if (wbytes <= blocksize) {
blocksize = wbytes;
}
wbytes -= blocksize;
/* set address (new mode) - if firmware on usbasp support newmode, then
they use address from this command */
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
cmd[2] = address >> 16;
cmd[3] = address >> 24;
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_SETLONGADDRESS, cmd, temp, sizeof(temp));
/* normal command - firmware what support newmode - use address from previous command,
firmware what doesn't support newmode - ignore previous command and use address from this command */
cmd[0] = address & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = address >> 8;
cmd[2] = page_size & 0xFF;
cmd[3] = (blockflags & 0x0F) + ((page_size & 0xF00) >> 4); //TP: Mega128 fix
blockflags = 0;
n = usbasp_transmit(pgm, 0, function, cmd, buffer, blocksize);
if (n != blocksize) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: wrong count at writing %x\n",
progname, n);
return -3;
}
buffer += blocksize;
address += blocksize;
}
return n_bytes;
}
/* The list of SCK frequencies in Hz supported by USBasp */
static struct sckoptions_t usbaspSCKoptions[] = {
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_3000, 3000000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_1500, 1500000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_750, 750000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_375, 375000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_187_5, 187500 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_93_75, 93750 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_32, 32000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_16, 16000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_8, 8000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_4, 4000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_2, 2000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_1, 1000 },
{ USBASP_ISP_SCK_0_5, 500 }
};
/*
* Set sck period (in seconds)
* Find next possible sck period and write it to the programmer.
*/
static int usbasp_spi_set_sck_period(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, double sckperiod) {
char clockoption = USBASP_ISP_SCK_AUTO;
unsigned char res[4];
unsigned char cmd[4];
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_spi_set_sck_period(%g)\n",
progname, sckperiod);
memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
memset(res, 0, sizeof(res));
/* reset global sck frequency to auto */
PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz = 0;
if (sckperiod == 0) {
/* auto sck set */
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE, "%s: auto set sck period (because given equals null)\n", progname);
} else {
int sckfreq = 1 / sckperiod; /* sck in Hz */
int usefreq = 0;
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: try to set SCK period to %g s (= %i Hz)\n", progname, sckperiod, sckfreq);
/* Check if programmer is capable of 3 MHz SCK, if not then ommit 3 MHz setting */
int i;
if (PDATA(pgm)->sck_3mhz) {
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: connected USBasp is capable of 3 MHz SCK\n",progname);
i = 0;
} else {
avrdude_message(MSG_NOTICE2, "%s: connected USBasp is not cabable of 3 MHz SCK\n",progname);
i = 1;
}
if (sckfreq >= usbaspSCKoptions[i].frequency) {
clockoption = usbaspSCKoptions[i].id;
usefreq = usbaspSCKoptions[i].frequency;
} else {
/* find clock option next to given clock */
for (; i < sizeof(usbaspSCKoptions) / sizeof(usbaspSCKoptions[0]); i++) {
if (sckfreq >= usbaspSCKoptions[i].frequency - 1) { /* subtract 1 to compensate round errors */
clockoption = usbaspSCKoptions[i].id;
usefreq = usbaspSCKoptions[i].frequency;
break;
}
}
}
/* save used sck frequency */
PDATA(pgm)->sckfreq_hz = usefreq;
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: set SCK frequency to %i Hz\n", progname, usefreq);
}
cmd[0] = clockoption;
int nbytes =
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_SETISPSCK, cmd, res, sizeof(res));
if ((nbytes != 1) | (res[0] != 0)) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: warning: cannot set sck period. please check for usbasp firmware update.\n",
progname);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
/* TPI specific functions */
static void usbasp_tpi_send_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, uint8_t b) {
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
temp[0] = b;
usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TPI_RAWWRITE, temp, temp, sizeof(temp));
}
static int usbasp_tpi_recv_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
unsigned char temp[4];
memset(temp, 0, sizeof(temp));
if(usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TPI_RAWREAD, temp, temp, sizeof(temp)) != 1)
{
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: wrong response size\n", progname);
return -1;
}
return temp[0];
}
static int usbasp_tpi_nvm_waitbusy(const PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
int retry;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_tpi_nvm_waitbusy() ...", progname);
for(retry=50; retry>0; retry--)
{
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SIN(NVMCSR));
if(usbasp_tpi_recv_byte(pgm) & NVMCSR_BSY)
continue;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, " ready\n");
return 0;
}
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, " failure\n");
return -1;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_cmd(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const unsigned char *cmd, unsigned char *res) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: spi_cmd used in TPI mode: not allowed\n", progname);
return -1;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_program_enable(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
int retry;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_tpi_program_enable()\n", progname);
/* change guard time */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SSTCS(TPIPCR));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPIPCR_GT_2b);
/* send SKEY */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0xE0);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0xFF);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0x88);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0xD8);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0xCD);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0x45);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0xAB);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0x89);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0x12);
/* check if device is ready */
for(retry=0; retry<10; retry++)
{
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SLDCS(TPIIR));
if(usbasp_tpi_recv_byte(pgm) != 0x80)
continue;
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SLDCS(TPISR));
if((usbasp_tpi_recv_byte(pgm) & TPISR_NVMEN) == 0)
continue;
break;
}
if(retry >= 10)
{
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: program enable: target doesn't answer.\n", progname);
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_chip_erase(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p) {
int pr_0;
int pr_1;
int nvm_cmd;
switch (PDATA(pgm)->section_e) {
/* Config bits section erase */
case 1:
pr_0 = 0x41;
pr_1 = 0x3F;
nvm_cmd = NVMCMD_SECTION_ERASE;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_tpi_chip_erase() - section erase\n", progname);
break;
/* Chip erase (flash only) */
default:
pr_0 = 0x01;
pr_1 = 0x40;
nvm_cmd = NVMCMD_CHIP_ERASE;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_tpi_chip_erase() - chip erase\n", progname);
break;
}
/* Set PR */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SSTPR(0));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, pr_0);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SSTPR(1));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, pr_1);
/* select what been erase */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SOUT(NVMCMD));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, nvm_cmd);
/* dummy write */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SST_INC);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0x00);
usbasp_tpi_nvm_waitbusy(pgm);
usleep(p->chip_erase_delay);
pgm->initialize(pgm, p);
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_paged_load(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes) {
unsigned char cmd[4];
unsigned char* dptr;
int readed, clen, n;
uint16_t pr;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_tpi_paged_load(\"%s\", 0x%0x, %d)\n",
progname, m->desc, addr, n_bytes);
dptr = addr + m->buf;
pr = addr + m->offset;
readed = 0;
while(readed < n_bytes)
{
clen = n_bytes - readed;
if(clen > 32)
clen = 32;
/* prepare READBLOCK cmd */
cmd[0] = pr & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = pr >> 8;
cmd[2] = 0;
cmd[3] = 0;
n = usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TPI_READBLOCK, cmd, dptr, clen);
if(n != clen)
{
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: wrong reading bytes %x\n", progname, n);
return -3;
}
readed += clen;
pr += clen;
dptr += clen;
}
return n_bytes;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_paged_write(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned int page_size, unsigned int addr, unsigned int n_bytes) {
unsigned char cmd[4];
unsigned char* sptr;
int writed, clen, n;
uint16_t pr;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_tpi_paged_write(\"%s\", 0x%0x, %d)\n",
progname, m->desc, addr, n_bytes);
sptr = addr + m->buf;
pr = addr + m->offset;
writed = 0;
/* must erase fuse first */
if(strcmp(m->desc, "fuse") == 0)
{
/* Set PR */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SSTPR(0));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, (pr & 0xFF) | 1 );
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SSTPR(1));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, (pr >> 8) );
/* select SECTION_ERASE */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SOUT(NVMCMD));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, NVMCMD_SECTION_ERASE);
/* dummy write */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SST_INC);
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, 0x00);
usbasp_tpi_nvm_waitbusy(pgm);
}
/* Set PR to flash */
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SSTPR(0));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, (pr & 0xFF) | 1 );
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, TPI_OP_SSTPR(1));
usbasp_tpi_send_byte(pgm, (pr >> 8) );
while(writed < n_bytes)
{
clen = n_bytes - writed;
if(clen > 32)
clen = 32;
/* prepare WRITEBLOCK cmd */
cmd[0] = pr & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = pr >> 8;
cmd[2] = 0;
cmd[3] = 0;
n = usbasp_transmit(pgm, 0, USBASP_FUNC_TPI_WRITEBLOCK, cmd, sptr, clen);
if(n != clen)
{
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: wrong count at writing %x\n", progname, n);
return -3;
}
writed += clen;
pr += clen;
sptr += clen;
}
return n_bytes;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_set_sck_period(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, double sckperiod) {
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_read_byte(const PROGRAMMER * pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m, unsigned long addr, unsigned char *value) {
unsigned char cmd[4];
int n;
uint16_t pr;
avrdude_message(MSG_DEBUG, "%s: usbasp_tpi_read_byte(\"%s\", 0x%0lx)\n",
progname, m->desc, addr);
pr = m->offset + addr;
/* READBLOCK */
cmd[0] = pr & 0xFF;
cmd[1] = pr >> 8;
cmd[2] = 0;
cmd[3] = 0;
n = usbasp_transmit(pgm, 1, USBASP_FUNC_TPI_READBLOCK, cmd, value, 1);
if(n != 1)
{
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: wrong reading bytes %x\n", progname, n);
return -3;
}
return 0;
}
static int usbasp_tpi_write_byte(const PROGRAMMER *pgm, const AVRPART *p, const AVRMEM *m,
unsigned long addr, unsigned char data) { // FIXME: use avr_write_byte_cache() when implemented
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: usbasp_write_byte in TPI mode: all writes have to be done at page level\n", progname);
return -1;
}
void usbasp_initpgm(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
strcpy(pgm->type, "usbasp");
/*
* mandatory functions
*/
pgm->initialize = usbasp_initialize;
pgm->display = usbasp_display;
pgm->enable = usbasp_enable;
pgm->disable = usbasp_disable;
pgm->program_enable = usbasp_program_enable;
pgm->chip_erase = usbasp_chip_erase;
pgm->cmd = usbasp_cmd;
pgm->open = usbasp_open;
pgm->close = usbasp_close;
pgm->read_byte = usbasp_read_byte;
pgm->write_byte = usbasp_write_byte;
/*
* optional functions
*/
pgm->paged_write = usbasp_paged_write;
pgm->paged_load = usbasp_paged_load;
pgm->setup = usbasp_setup;
pgm->teardown = usbasp_teardown;
pgm->set_sck_period = usbasp_set_sck_period;
pgm->parseextparams = usbasp_parseextparms;
}
#else /* HAVE_LIBUSB */
static int usbasp_nousb_open(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *name) {
avrdude_message(MSG_INFO, "%s: error: no usb support. please compile again with libusb installed.\n",
progname);
return -1;
}
void usbasp_initpgm(PROGRAMMER *pgm) {
strcpy(pgm->type, "usbasp");
pgm->open = usbasp_nousb_open;
}
#endif /* HAVE_LIBUSB */
const char usbasp_desc[] = "USBasp programmer, see http://www.fischl.de/usbasp/";
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