patch #7165 Add support for bitbanging GPIO lines using the Linux sysf GPIO interface

* doc/avrdude.texi,avrdude.1: added doc for linuxgpio 
	* avrdude.conf.in: added template for linuxgpio programmer
	* config_gram.y: pin numbers restricted to [PIN_MIN, PIN_MAX]
	* pindefs.h: added PIN_MIN, PIN_MAX, removed unused LED_ON/OFF
	* configure.ac: configure option enable-linuxgpio, print of enabled options
	* linuxgpio.[ch]: new source for linuxgpio programmer
	* Makefile.am: added linuxgpio to sources list
	* pgm_type.c: added linuxgpio to programmer types list

git-svn-id: svn://svn.savannah.nongnu.org/avrdude/trunk/avrdude@1132 81a1dc3b-b13d-400b-aceb-764788c761c2
This commit is contained in:
Rene Liebscher 2013-01-09 19:23:30 +00:00
parent 76df1b5b6e
commit 274c518121
12 changed files with 495 additions and 6 deletions

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@ -1,3 +1,15 @@
2013-01-09 Rene Liebscher <R.Liebscher@gmx.de>
patch #7165 Add support for bitbanging GPIO lines using the Linux sysf GPIO interface
* doc/avrdude.texi,avrdude.1: added doc for linuxgpio
* avrdude.conf.in: added template for linuxgpio programmer
* config_gram.y: pin numbers restricted to [PIN_MIN, PIN_MAX]
* pindefs.h: added PIN_MIN, PIN_MAX, removed unused LED_ON/OFF
* configure.ac: configure option enable-linuxgpio, print of enabled options
* linuxgpio.[ch]: new source for linuxgpio programmer
* Makefile.am: added linuxgpio to sources list
* pgm_type.c: added linuxgpio to programmer types list
2013-01-08 Joerg Wunsch <j.gnu@uriah.heep.sax.de>
* jtagmkI.c (jtagmkI_prmsg): replace a putchar() by putc(...stderr)

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@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ EXTRA_DIST = \
ChangeLog-2009 \
ChangeLog-2010 \
ChangeLog-2011 \
ChangeLog-2012 \
avrdude.1 \
avrdude.spec \
bootstrap
@ -123,6 +124,8 @@ libavrdude_a_SOURCES = \
jtag3.c \
jtag3.h \
jtag3_private.h \
linuxgpio.c \
linuxgpio.h \
linux_ppdev.h \
lists.c \
lists.h \

4
NEWS
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@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ Current:
- ATmega256RFR2, ATmega128RFR2, ATmega64RFR2
* New programmers supported:
- linuxgpio
+ any (embedded) Linux system with 4 GPIOs available can be used
as a programmer with little or no additional hardware.
- avrftdi
+ o-link (patch #7672 adding support for O-Link (FTDI based
JTAG) as programmer)

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@ -98,6 +98,18 @@ port.
Connecting to a serial port emulated on top of USB is likely to not
work at all, or to work abysmally slow.
.Pp
If you happen to have a Linux system with at least 4 hardware GPIOs
available (like almost all embedded Linux boards) you can do without
any additional hardware - just connect them to the MOSI, MISO, RESET
and SCK pins on the AVR and use the linuxgpio programmer type. It bitbangs
the lines using the Linux sysfs GPIO interface. Of course, care should
be taken about voltage level compatibility. Also, although not strictrly
required, it is strongly advisable to protect the GPIO pins from
overcurrent situations in some way. The simplest would be to just put
some resistors in series or better yet use a 3-state buffer driver like
the 74HC244. Have a look at http://kolev.info/avrdude-linuxgpio for a more
detailed tutorial about using this programmer type.
.Pp
Atmel's STK500 programmer is also supported and connects to a serial
port.
Both, firmware versions 1.x and 2.x can be handled, but require a

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@ -1142,7 +1142,28 @@ programmer
@HAVE_PARPORT_END@
#This programmer bitbangs GPIO lines using the Linux sysfs GPIO interface
#
#To enable it set the configuration below to match the GPIO lines connected to the
#relevant ISP header pins and uncomment the entry definition. In case you don't
#have the required permissions to edit this system wide config file put the
#entry in a separate <your name>.conf file and use it with -C+<your name>.conf
#on the command line.
#
#To check if your avrdude build has support for the linuxgpio programmer compiled in,
#use -c?type on the command line and look for linuxgpio in the list. If it's not available
#you need pass the --enable-linuxgpio=yes option to configure and recompile avrdude.
#
#programmer
# id = "linuxgpio";
# desc = "Use the Linux sysfs interface to bitbang GPIO lines";
# type = "linuxgpio";
# reset = ?;
# sck = ?;
# mosi = ?;
# miso = ?;
#;
# some ultra cheap programmers use bitbanging on the
# serialport.
#

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@ -1346,11 +1346,11 @@ static int assign_pin(int pinno, TOKEN * v, int invert)
value = v->value.number;
free_token(v);
if ((value <= 0) || (value >= 18)) {
if ((value < PIN_MIN) || (value > PIN_MAX)) {
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: error at line %d of %s: pin must be in the "
"range 1-17\n",
progname, lineno, infile);
"range %d-%d\n",
progname, lineno, infile, PIN_MIN, PIN_MAX);
exit(1);
}
if (invert)

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@ -271,6 +271,18 @@ AC_ARG_ENABLE(
*) AC_MSG_ERROR(bad value ${enableval} for enable-parport option) ;;
esac],
[enabled_parport=yes])
AC_ARG_ENABLE(
[linuxgpio],
AC_HELP_STRING(
[--enable-linuxgpio],
[Enable the Linux sysfs GPIO interface programmer type]),
[case "${enableval}" in
yes) enabled_linuxgpio=yes ;;
no) enabled_linuxgpio=no ;;
*) AC_MSG_ERROR(bad value ${enableval} for enable-linuxgpio option) ;;
esac],
[enabled_linuxgpio=no])
DIST_SUBDIRS_AC='doc windows'
@ -340,6 +352,15 @@ else
confsubst="-e /^@HAVE_PARPORT_BEGIN@/,/^@HAVE_PARPORT_END@/d"
fi
if test "$enabled_linuxgpio" = "yes"; then
AC_DEFINE(HAVE_LINUXGPIO, 1, [Linux sysfs GPIO support enabled])
confsubst="$confsubst -e /^@HAVE_LINUXGPIO_/d"
else
confsubst="$confsubst -e /^@HAVE_LINUXGPIO_BEGIN@/,/^@HAVE_LINUXGPIO_END@/d"
fi
# If we are compiling with gcc, enable all warning and make warnings errors.
if test "$GCC" = yes; then
ENABLE_WARNINGS="-Wall"
@ -479,3 +500,21 @@ else
echo "DON'T HAVE pthread"
fi
if test x$enabled_doc = xyes; then
echo "ENABLED doc"
else
echo "DISABLED doc"
fi
if test x$enabled_parport = xyes; then
echo "ENABLED parport"
else
echo "DISABLED parport"
fi
if test x$enabled_linuxgpio = xyes; then
echo "ENABLED linuxgpio"
else
echo "DISABLED linuxgpio"
fi

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@ -168,6 +168,18 @@ attached to a physical serial port. Connecting to a serial port
emulated on top of USB is likely to not work at all, or to work
abysmally slow.
If you happen to have a Linux system with at least 4 hardware GPIOs
available (like almost all embedded Linux boards) you can do without
any additional hardware - just connect them to the MOSI, MISO, RESET
and SCK pins on the AVR and use the linuxgpio programmer type. It bitbangs
the lines using the Linux sysfs GPIO interface. Of course, care should
be taken about voltage level compatibility. Also, although not strictrly
required, it is strongly advisable to protect the GPIO pins from
overcurrent situations in some way. The simplest would be to just put
some resistors in series or better yet use a 3-state buffer driver like
the 74HC244. Have a look at http://kolev.info/avrdude-linuxgpio for a more
detailed tutorial about using this programmer type.
The STK500, JTAG ICE, avr910, and avr109/butterfly use the serial port to communicate with the PC.
The STK600, JTAG ICE mkII, AVRISP mkII, USBasp, avrftdi (and derivitives), and USBtinyISP
programmers communicate through the USB, using @code{libusb} as a

349
linuxgpio.c Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
* Support for bitbanging GPIO pins using the /sys/class/gpio interface
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Radoslav Kolev <radoslav@kolev.info>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
#include "ac_cfg.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "avrdude.h"
#include "avr.h"
#include "pindefs.h"
#include "pgm.h"
#include "bitbang.h"
#if HAVE_LINUXGPIO
/*
* GPIO user space helpers
*
* Copyright 2009 Analog Devices Inc.
* Michael Hennerich (hennerich@blackfin.uclinux.org)
*
* Licensed under the GPL-2 or later
*/
/*
* GPIO user space helpers
* The following functions are acting on an "unsigned gpio" argument, which corresponds to the
* gpio numbering scheme in the kernel (starting from 0).
* The higher level functions use "int pin" to specify the pins with an offset of 1:
* gpio = pin - 1;
*/
#define GPIO_DIR_IN 0
#define GPIO_DIR_OUT 1
static int linuxgpio_export(unsigned int gpio)
{
int fd, len, r;
char buf[11];
fd = open("/sys/class/gpio/export", O_WRONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("Can't open /sys/class/gpio/export");
return fd;
}
len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", gpio);
r = write(fd, buf, len);
close(fd);
return r;
}
static int linuxgpio_unexport(unsigned int gpio)
{
int fd, len, r;
char buf[11];
fd = open("/sys/class/gpio/unexport", O_WRONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("Can't open /sys/class/gpio/unexport");
return fd;
}
len = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", gpio);
r = write(fd, buf, len);
close(fd);
return r;
}
static int linuxgpio_openfd(unsigned int gpio)
{
char filepath[60];
snprintf(filepath, sizeof(filepath), "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/value", gpio);
return (open(filepath, O_RDWR));
}
static int linuxgpio_dir(unsigned int gpio, unsigned int dir)
{
int fd, r;
char buf[60];
snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/sys/class/gpio/gpio%d/direction", gpio);
fd = open(buf, O_WRONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
perror("Can't open gpioX/direction");
return fd;
}
if (dir == GPIO_DIR_OUT)
r = write(fd, "out", 4);
else
r = write(fd, "in", 3);
close(fd);
return r;
}
static int linuxgpio_dir_out(unsigned int gpio)
{
return linuxgpio_dir(gpio, GPIO_DIR_OUT);
}
static int linuxgpio_dir_in(unsigned int gpio)
{
return linuxgpio_dir(gpio, GPIO_DIR_IN);
}
/*
* End of GPIO user space helpers
*/
#define N_GPIO (PIN_MAX + 1)
/*
* an array which holds open FDs to /sys/class/gpio/gpioXX/value for all needed pins
*/
static int linuxgpio_fds[N_GPIO] ;
static int linuxgpio_setpin(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int pin, int value)
{
int r;
if (pin & PIN_INVERSE)
{
value = !value;
pin &= PIN_MASK;
}
if ( linuxgpio_fds[pin] < 0 )
return -1;
if (value)
r = write(linuxgpio_fds[pin], "1", 1);
else
r = write(linuxgpio_fds[pin], "0", 1);
if (r!=1) return -1;
if (pgm->ispdelay > 1)
bitbang_delay(pgm->ispdelay);
return 0;
}
static int linuxgpio_getpin(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int pin)
{
unsigned char invert=0;
char c;
if (pin & PIN_INVERSE)
{
invert = 1;
pin &= PIN_MASK;
}
if ( linuxgpio_fds[pin] < 0 )
return -1;
if (lseek(linuxgpio_fds[pin], 0, SEEK_SET)<0)
return -1;
if (read(linuxgpio_fds[pin], &c, 1)!=1)
return -1;
if (c=='0')
return 0+invert;
else if (c=='1')
return 1-invert;
else
return -1;
}
static int linuxgpio_highpulsepin(PROGRAMMER * pgm, int pin)
{
if ( linuxgpio_fds[pin & PIN_MASK] < 0 )
return -1;
linuxgpio_setpin(pgm, pin, 1);
linuxgpio_setpin(pgm, pin, 0);
return 0;
}
static void linuxgpio_display(PROGRAMMER *pgm, const char *p)
{
/* MAYBE */
}
static void linuxgpio_enable(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
/* nothing */
}
static void linuxgpio_disable(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
/* nothing */
}
static void linuxgpio_powerup(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
/* nothing */
}
static void linuxgpio_powerdown(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
/* nothing */
}
static int linuxgpio_open(PROGRAMMER *pgm, char *port)
{
int r, i, pin;
bitbang_check_prerequisites(pgm);
for (i=0; i<N_GPIO; i++)
linuxgpio_fds[i] = -1;
//Avrdude assumes that if a pin number is 0 it means not used/available
//this causes a problem because 0 is a valid GPIO number in Linux sysfs.
//To avoid annoying off by one pin numbering we assume SCK, MOSI, MISO
//and RESET pins are always defined in avrdude.conf, even as 0. If they're
//not programming will not work anyway. The drawbacks of this approach are
//that unwanted toggling of GPIO0 can occur and that other optional pins
//mostry LED status, can't be set to GPIO0. It can be fixed when a better
//solution exists.
for (i=0; i<N_PINS; i++) {
if ( pgm->pinno[i] != 0 ||
i == PIN_AVR_RESET ||
i == PIN_AVR_SCK ||
i == PIN_AVR_MOSI ||
i == PIN_AVR_MISO ) {
pin = pgm->pinno[i] & PIN_MASK;
if ((r=linuxgpio_export(pin)) < 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "Can't export GPIO %d, already exported/busy?: %s",
pin, strerror(errno));
return r;
}
if (i == PIN_AVR_MISO)
r=linuxgpio_dir_in(pin);
else
r=linuxgpio_dir_out(pin);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if ((linuxgpio_fds[pin]=linuxgpio_openfd(pin)) < 0)
return linuxgpio_fds[pin];
}
}
return(0);
}
static void linuxgpio_close(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
int i, reset_pin;
reset_pin = pgm->pinno[PIN_AVR_RESET] & PIN_MASK;
//first configure all pins as input, except RESET
//this should avoid possible conflicts when AVR firmware starts
for (i=0; i<N_GPIO; i++) {
if (linuxgpio_fds[i] >= 0 && i != reset_pin) {
close(linuxgpio_fds[i]);
linuxgpio_dir_in(i);
linuxgpio_unexport(i);
}
}
//configure RESET as input, if there's external pull up it will go high
if (linuxgpio_fds[reset_pin] >= 0) {
close(linuxgpio_fds[reset_pin]);
linuxgpio_dir_in(reset_pin);
linuxgpio_unexport(reset_pin);
}
}
void linuxgpio_initpgm(PROGRAMMER *pgm)
{
strcpy(pgm->type, "linuxgpio");
pgm->rdy_led = bitbang_rdy_led;
pgm->err_led = bitbang_err_led;
pgm->pgm_led = bitbang_pgm_led;
pgm->vfy_led = bitbang_vfy_led;
pgm->initialize = bitbang_initialize;
pgm->display = linuxgpio_display;
pgm->enable = linuxgpio_enable;
pgm->disable = linuxgpio_disable;
pgm->powerup = linuxgpio_powerup;
pgm->powerdown = linuxgpio_powerdown;
pgm->program_enable = bitbang_program_enable;
pgm->chip_erase = bitbang_chip_erase;
pgm->cmd = bitbang_cmd;
pgm->open = linuxgpio_open;
pgm->close = linuxgpio_close;
pgm->setpin = linuxgpio_setpin;
pgm->getpin = linuxgpio_getpin;
pgm->highpulsepin = linuxgpio_highpulsepin;
pgm->read_byte = avr_read_byte_default;
pgm->write_byte = avr_write_byte_default;
}
const char linuxgpio_desc[] = "GPIO bitbanging using the Linux sysfs interface";
#else /* !HAVE_LINUXGPIO */
void linuxgpio_initpgm(PROGRAMMER * pgm)
{
fprintf(stderr,
"%s: Linux sysfs GPIO support not available in this configuration\n",
progname);
}
const char linuxgpio_desc[] = "GPIO bitbanging using the Linux sysfs interface (not available)";
#endif /* HAVE_LINUXGPIO */

36
linuxgpio.h Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
/*
* avrdude - A Downloader/Uploader for AVR device programmers
* Copyright (C) 2013 Radoslav Kolev <radoslav@kolev.info>
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/* $Id: par.h 722 2007-01-24 22:43:46Z joerg_wunsch $ */
#ifndef linuxgpio_h
#define linuxgpio_h
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
extern const char linuxgpio_desc[];
void linuxgpio_initpgm (PROGRAMMER * pgm);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif

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@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
#include "jtagmkI.h"
#include "jtagmkII.h"
#include "jtag3.h"
#include "linuxgpio.h"
#include "par.h"
#include "pickit2.h"
#include "ppi.h"
@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ const PROGRAMMER_TYPE const programmers_types[] = {
{"jtagice3_pdi", jtag3_pdi_initpgm, jtag3_pdi_desc},
{"jtagice3_dw", jtag3_dw_initpgm, jtag3_dw_desc},
{"jtagice3_isp", stk500v2_jtag3_initpgm, stk500v2_jtag3_desc},
{"linuxgpio", linuxgpio_initpgm, linuxgpio_desc},
{"par", par_initpgm, par_desc},
{"pickit2", pickit2_initpgm, pickit2_desc},
{"serbb", serbb_initpgm, serbb_desc},

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@ -38,8 +38,7 @@ enum {
};
#define PIN_MASK (UINT_MAX>>1)
#define PIN_INVERSE (~(PIN_MASK)) /* flag for inverted pin in serbb */
#define LED_ON(fd,pin) ppi_setpin(fd,pin,0)
#define LED_OFF(fd,pin) ppi_setpin(fd,pin,1)
#define PIN_MIN 1 /* smallest allowed pin number */
#define PIN_MAX 255 /* largest allowed pin number */
#endif