396 lines
18 KiB
HTML
396 lines
18 KiB
HTML
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<html>
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<!-- Created on March 3, 2022 by texi2html 5.0
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texi2html was written by:
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Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author)
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Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org>
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Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de>
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<head>
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<title>AVRDUDE: Appendix B Troubleshooting</title>
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<meta name="description" content="AVRDUDE: Appendix B Troubleshooting">
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<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
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<a name="Troubleshooting"></a>
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<table class="header" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
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<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="avrdude_18.html#Platform-Dependent-Information" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="avrdude_20.html#Documentation" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[ Up ]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[ > ]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[ >> ]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left"> </td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="avrdude.html#Introduction" title="Cover (top) of document">Top</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="avrdude_toc.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents">Contents</a>]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[Index]</td>
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="avrdude_abt.html#SEC_About" title="About (help)"> ? </a>]</td>
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</tr></table>
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<a name="Troubleshooting-1"></a>
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<h1 class="appendix">Appendix B Troubleshooting</h1>
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<p>In general, please report any bugs encountered via
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<br>
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<a href="http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/?group=avrdude">http://savannah.nongnu.org/bugs/?group=avrdude</a>.
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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Problem: I’m using a serial programmer under Windows and get the following
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error:
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<p><code>avrdude: serial_open(): can't set attributes for device "com1"</code>,
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</p>
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<p>Solution: This problem seems to appear with certain versions of Cygwin. Specifying
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<code>"/dev/com1"</code> instead of <code>"com1"</code> should help.
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</p>
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</li><li>
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Problem: I’m using Linux and my AVR910 programmer is really slow.
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<p>Solution (short): <code>setserial <var>port</var> low_latency</code>
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</p>
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<p>Solution (long):
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There are two problems here. First, the system may wait some time before it
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passes data from the serial port to the program. Under Linux the following
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command works around this (you may need root privileges for this).
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</p>
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<p><code>setserial <var>port</var> low_latency</code>
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</p>
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<p>Secondly, the serial interface chip may delay the interrupt for some time.
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This behaviour can be changed by setting the FIFO-threshold to one. Under Linux this
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can only be done by changing the kernel source in <code>drivers/char/serial.c</code>.
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Search the file for <code>UART_FCR_TRIGGER_8</code> and replace it with <code>UART_FCR_TRIGGER_1</code>. Note that overall performance might suffer if there
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is high throughput on serial lines. Also note that you are modifying the kernel at
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your own risk.
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</p>
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</li><li>
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Problem: I’m not using Linux and my AVR910 programmer is really slow.
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<p>Solutions: The reasons for this are the same as above.
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If you know how to work around this on your OS, please let us know.
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</p>
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</li><li>
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Problem: Updating the flash ROM from terminal mode does not work with the
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JTAG ICEs.
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<p>Solution: None at this time. Currently, the JTAG ICE code cannot
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write to the flash ROM one byte at a time.
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</p>
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</li><li>
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Problem: Page-mode programming the EEPROM (using the -U option) does
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not erase EEPROM cells before writing, and thus cannot overwrite any
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previous value != 0xff.
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<p>Solution: None. This is an inherent feature of the way JTAG EEPROM
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programming works, and is documented that way in the Atmel AVR
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datasheets.
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In order to successfully program the EEPROM that way, a prior chip
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erase (with the EESAVE fuse unprogrammed) is required.
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This also applies to the STK500 and STK600 in high-voltage programming mode.
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</p>
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</li><li>
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Problem: How do I turn off the <var>DWEN</var> fuse?
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<p>Solution: If the <var>DWEN</var> (debugWire enable) fuse is activated,
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the <var>/RESET</var> pin is not functional anymore, so normal ISP
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communication cannot be established.
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There are two options to deactivate that fuse again: high-voltage
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programming, or getting the JTAG ICE mkII talk debugWire, and
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prepare the target AVR to accept normal ISP communication again.
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</p>
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<p>The first option requires a programmer that is capable of high-voltage
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programming (either serial or parallel, depending on the AVR device),
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for example the STK500. In high-voltage programming mode, the
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<var>/RESET</var> pin is activated initially using a 12 V pulse (thus the
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name <em>high voltage</em>), so the target AVR can subsequently be
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reprogrammed, and the <var>DWEN</var> fuse can be cleared. Typically, this
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operation cannot be performed while the AVR is located in the target
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circuit though.
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</p>
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<p>The second option requires a JTAG ICE mkII that can talk the debugWire
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protocol. The ICE needs to be connected to the target using the
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JTAG-to-ISP adapter, so the JTAG ICE mkII can be used as a debugWire
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initiator as well as an ISP programmer. AVRDUDE will then be activated
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using the <var>jtag2isp</var> programmer type. The initial ISP
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communication attempt will fail, but AVRDUDE then tries to initiate a
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debugWire reset. When successful, this will leave the target AVR in a
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state where it can accept standard ISP communication. The ICE is then
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signed off (which will make it signing off from the USB as well), so
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AVRDUDE has to be called again afterwards. This time, standard ISP
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communication can work, so the <var>DWEN</var> fuse can be cleared.
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</p>
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<p>The pin mapping for the JTAG-to-ISP adapter is:
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</p>
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<table>
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<tr><td width="20%"><strong>JTAG pin</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>ISP pin</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">1</td><td width="20%">3</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">2</td><td width="20%">6</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">3</td><td width="20%">1</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">4</td><td width="20%">2</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">6</td><td width="20%">5</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">9</td><td width="20%">4</td></tr>
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</table>
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</li><li>
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Problem: Multiple USBasp or USBtinyISP programmers connected simultaneously are not
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found.
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<p>Solution: The USBtinyISP code supports distinguishing multiple
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programmers based on their bus:device connection tuple that describes
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their place in the USB hierarchy on a specific host. This tuple can
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be added to the <var>-P usb</var> option, similar to adding a serial number
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on other USB-based programmers.
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</p>
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<p>The actual naming convention for the bus and device names is
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operating-system dependent; AVRDUDE will print out what it found
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on the bus when running it with (at least) one <var>-v</var> option.
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By specifying a string that cannot match any existing device
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(for example, <var>-P usb:xxx</var>), the scan will list all possible
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candidate devices found on the bus.
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</p>
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<p>Examples:
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</p><div class="example">
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<pre class="example">avrdude -c usbtiny -p atmega8 -P usb:003:025 (Linux)
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avrdude -c usbtiny -p atmega8 -P usb:/dev/usb:/dev/ugen1.3 (FreeBSD 8+)
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avrdude -c usbtiny -p atmega8 \
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-P usb:bus-0:\\.\libusb0-0001--0x1781-0x0c9f (Windows)
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</pre></div>
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</li><li>
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Problem: I cannot do … when the target is in debugWire mode.
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<p>Solution: debugWire mode imposes several limitations.
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</p>
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<p>The debugWire protocol is Atmel’s proprietary one-wire (plus ground)
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protocol to allow an in-circuit emulation of the smaller AVR devices,
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using the <var>/RESET</var> line.
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DebugWire mode is initiated by activating the <var>DWEN</var>
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fuse, and then power-cycling the target.
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While this mode is mainly intended for debugging/emulation, it
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also offers limited programming capabilities.
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Effectively, the only memory areas that can be read or programmed
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in this mode are flash ROM and EEPROM.
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It is also possible to read out the signature.
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All other memory areas cannot be accessed.
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There is no
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<em>chip erase</em>
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functionality in debugWire mode; instead, while reprogramming the
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flash ROM, each flash ROM page is erased right before updating it.
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This is done transparently by the JTAG ICE mkII (or AVR Dragon).
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The only way back from debugWire mode is to initiate a special
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sequence of commands to the JTAG ICE mkII (or AVR Dragon), so the
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debugWire mode will be temporarily disabled, and the target can
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be accessed using normal ISP programming.
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This sequence is automatically initiated by using the JTAG ICE mkII
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or AVR Dragon in ISP mode, when they detect that ISP mode cannot be
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entered.
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</p>
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</li><li>
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Problem: I want to use my JTAG ICE mkII to program an
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Xmega device through PDI. The documentation tells me to use the
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<em>XMEGA PDI adapter for JTAGICE mkII</em> that is supposed to ship
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with the kit, yet I don’t have it.
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<p>Solution: Use the following pin mapping:
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</p>
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<table>
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<tr><td width="20%"><strong>JTAGICE</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>Target</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>Squid cab-</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>PDI</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%"><strong>mkII probe</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>pins</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>le colors</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>header</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">1 (TCK)</td><td width="20%"></td><td width="20%">Black</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">2 (GND)</td><td width="20%">GND</td><td width="20%">White</td><td width="20%">6</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">3 (TDO)</td><td width="20%"></td><td width="20%">Grey</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">4 (VTref)</td><td width="20%">VTref</td><td width="20%">Purple</td><td width="20%">2</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">5 (TMS)</td><td width="20%"></td><td width="20%">Blue</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">6 (nSRST)</td><td width="20%">PDI_CLK</td><td width="20%">Green</td><td width="20%">5</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">7 (N.C.)</td><td width="20%"></td><td width="20%">Yellow</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">8 (nTRST)</td><td width="20%"></td><td width="20%">Orange</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">9 (TDI)</td><td width="20%">PDI_DATA</td><td width="20%">Red</td><td width="20%">1</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">10 (GND)</td><td width="20%"></td><td width="20%">Brown</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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</table>
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</li><li>
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Problem: I want to use my AVR Dragon to program an
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Xmega device through PDI.
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<p>Solution: Use the 6 pin ISP header on the Dragon and the following pin mapping:
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</p>
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<table>
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<tr><td width="20%"><strong>Dragon</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>Target</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%"><strong>ISP Header</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>pins</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">1 (MISO)</td><td width="20%">PDI_DATA</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">2 (VCC)</td><td width="20%">VCC</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">3 (SCK)</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">4 (MOSI)</td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">5 (RESET)</td><td width="20%">PDI_CLK / RST</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">6 (GND)</td><td width="20%">GND</td></tr>
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</table>
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</li><li>
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Problem: I want to use my AVRISP mkII to program an
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ATtiny4/5/9/10 device through TPI. How to connect the pins?
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<p>Solution: Use the following pin mapping:
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</p>
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<table>
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<tr><td width="20%"><strong>AVRISP</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>Target</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>ATtiny</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%"><strong>connector</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>pins</strong></td><td width="20%"><strong>pin #</strong></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">1 (MISO)</td><td width="20%">TPIDATA</td><td width="20%">1</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">2 (VTref)</td><td width="20%">Vcc</td><td width="20%">5</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">3 (SCK)</td><td width="20%">TPICLK</td><td width="20%">3</td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">4 (MOSI)</td><td width="20%"></td><td width="20%"></td></tr>
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<tr><td width="20%">5 (RESET)</td><td width="20%">/RESET</td><td width="20%">6</td></tr>
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||
|
|
<tr><td width="20%">6 (GND)</td><td width="20%">GND</td><td width="20%">2</td></tr>
|
||
|
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li><li>
|
||
|
|
Problem: I want to program an ATtiny4/5/9/10 device using a serial/parallel
|
||
|
|
bitbang programmer. How to connect the pins?
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Solution: Since TPI has only 1 pin for bi-directional data transfer, both
|
||
|
|
<var>MISO</var> and <var>MOSI</var> pins should be connected to the <var>TPIDATA</var> pin
|
||
|
|
on the ATtiny device.
|
||
|
|
However, a 1K resistor should be placed between the <var>MOSI</var> and <var>TPIDATA</var>.
|
||
|
|
The <var>MISO</var> pin connects to <var>TPIDATA</var> directly.
|
||
|
|
The <var>SCK</var> pin is connected to <var>TPICLK</var>.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>In addition, the <var>Vcc</var>, <var>/RESET</var> and <var>GND</var> pins should
|
||
|
|
be connected to their respective ports on the ATtiny device.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</li><li>
|
||
|
|
Problem: How can I use a FTDI FT232R USB-to-Serial device for bitbang programming?
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Solution: When connecting the FT232 directly to the pins of the target Atmel device,
|
||
|
|
the polarity of the pins defined in the <code>programmer</code> definition should be
|
||
|
|
inverted by prefixing a tilde. For example, the <var>dasa</var> programmer would
|
||
|
|
look like this when connected via a FT232R device (notice the tildes in
|
||
|
|
front of pins 7, 4, 3 and 8):
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="example">
|
||
|
|
<pre class="example">programmer
|
||
|
|
id = "dasa_ftdi";
|
||
|
|
desc = "serial port banging, reset=rts sck=dtr mosi=txd miso=cts";
|
||
|
|
type = serbb;
|
||
|
|
reset = ~7;
|
||
|
|
sck = ~4;
|
||
|
|
mosi = ~3;
|
||
|
|
miso = ~8;
|
||
|
|
;
|
||
|
|
</pre></div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Note that this uses the FT232 device as a normal serial port, not using the
|
||
|
|
FTDI drivers in the special bitbang mode.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</li><li>
|
||
|
|
Problem: My ATtiny4/5/9/10 reads out fine, but any attempt to program
|
||
|
|
it (through TPI) fails. Instead, the memory retains the old contents.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Solution: Mind the limited programming supply voltage range of these
|
||
|
|
devices.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>In-circuit programming through TPI is only guaranteed by the datasheet
|
||
|
|
at Vcc = 5 V.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</li><li>
|
||
|
|
Problem: My ATxmega…A1/A2/A3 cannot be programmed through PDI with
|
||
|
|
my AVR Dragon. Programming through a JTAG ICE mkII works though, as does
|
||
|
|
programming through JTAG.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Solution: None by this time (2010 Q1).
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>It is said that the AVR Dragon can only program devices from the A4
|
||
|
|
Xmega sub-family.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</li><li>
|
||
|
|
Problem: when programming with an AVRISPmkII or STK600, AVRDUDE hangs
|
||
|
|
when programming files of a certain size (e.g. 246 bytes). Other
|
||
|
|
(larger or smaller) sizes work though.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Solution: This is a bug caused by an incorrect handling of zero-length
|
||
|
|
packets (ZLPs) in some versions of the libusb 0.1 API wrapper that ships
|
||
|
|
with libusb 1.x in certain Linux distributions. All Linux systems with
|
||
|
|
kernel versions < 2.6.31 and libusb >= 1.0.0 < 1.0.3 are reported to be
|
||
|
|
affected by this.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>See also: <a href="http://www.libusb.org/ticket/6">http://www.libusb.org/ticket/6</a>
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</li><li>
|
||
|
|
Problem: after flashing a firmware that reduces the target’s clock
|
||
|
|
speed (e.g. through the <code>CLKPR</code> register), further ISP connection
|
||
|
|
attempts fail.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Solution: Even though ISP starts with pulling <var>/RESET</var> low, the
|
||
|
|
target continues to run at the internal clock speed as defined by the
|
||
|
|
firmware running before. Therefore, the ISP clock speed must be
|
||
|
|
reduced appropriately (to less than 1/4 of the internal clock speed)
|
||
|
|
using the -B option before the ISP initialization sequence will
|
||
|
|
succeed.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>As that slows down the entire subsequent ISP session, it might make
|
||
|
|
sense to just issue a <em>chip erase</em> using the slow ISP clock
|
||
|
|
(option <code>-e</code>), and then start a new session at higher speed.
|
||
|
|
Option <code>-D</code> might be used there, to prevent another unneeded
|
||
|
|
erase cycle.
|
||
|
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
</li></ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
<table class="header" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" border="0">
|
||
|
|
<tr><td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="avrdude_18.html#Platform-Dependent-Information" title="Beginning of this chapter or previous chapter"> << </a>]</td>
|
||
|
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[<a href="avrdude_20.html#Documentation" title="Previous section in reading order"> < </a>]</td>
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">[ Up ]</td>
|
||
|
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<td valign="middle" align="left">[ > ]</td>
|
||
|
|
<td valign="middle" align="left">[ >> ]</td>
|
||
|
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</tr></table>
|
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|
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<p>
|
||
|
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<font size="-1">
|
||
|
|
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